< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lękati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms
  • *lęcati

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *lenk- (“to bend”).

Verb

*lękati

  1. to lay snares, to set traps
  2. (transitive) to scare

Inflection
Conjugation of *lękati, *lęka, *lękajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*lękanьje *lękati *lękatъ *lękalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *lękanъ *lękajemъ
Active *lękavъ *lękaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *lękaxъ*lęka*lęka *lękajǫ*lękaješi*lękajetь
Dual *lękaxově*lękasta*lękaste *lękajevě*lękajeta*lękajete
Plural *lękaxomъ*lękaste*lękašę *lękajemъ*lękajete*lękajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *lękaaxъ*lękaaše*lękaaše —*lękaji*lękaji
Dual *lękaaxově*lękaašeta*lękaašete *lękajivě*lękajita—
Plural *lękaaxomъ*lękaašete*lękaaxǫ *lękajimъ*lękajite—
Conjugation of *lękati, *lęka, *lęčetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*lękanьje *lękati *lękatъ *lękalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *lękanъ *lęčemъ
Active *lękavъ *lęčę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *lękaxъ*lęka*lęka *lęčǫ*lęčeši*lęčetь
Dual *lękaxově*lękasta*lękaste *lęčevě*lęčeta*lęčete
Plural *lękaxomъ*lękaste*lękašę *lęčemъ*lęčete*lęčǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *lękaaxъ*lękaaše*lękaaše —*lęči*lęči
Dual *lękaaxově*lękaašeta*lękaašete *lęčivě*lęčita—
Plural *lękaaxomъ*lękaašete*lękaaxǫ *lęčimъ*lęčite—
adjectives
nouns
verbs

Descendants
  • East Slavic
    • Russian: ляка́ть (ljakátʹ, “to scare, chase a fish caught in a net”) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: ляка́ти (ljakáty, “to frighten, scare”)
  • South Slavic
    • Old Church Slavonic: лѩчѫтъ (ljęčǫtŭ, “they set traps, 3pl.”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ле́цати
      Latin script: lécati
    • Slovene: lę́cati (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic
    • Old Czech: léceti (“to lay snares, set traps”)
      • Czech: lécet, lícet
      • Czech: lekat (“to frighten, scare”)
    • Polish: lękać się (“to be afraid”)
    • Slovak: ľakať (“to frighten, scare”)
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: lěkaś

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ляка́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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