< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krasti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per LIV, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei + *-sti (dʰé-conjugation), perhaps back-formed from the proto dʰi-imperative, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”). Cognate with ye-present Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”), Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”), Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”).

Daughter languages disagree on the exact accentology - South Slavic tends to have circumflex present stem and mobilility as expected from Meillet's law (similar to analogous *klasti), while Old Russian evinces for fixed acute paradigm. This is sometimes attributed to the influence of the perfective *kràdnǫti.

Dialectal Bulgarian also exhibits reflexes of athematic conjugation крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”), of unclear diachronic origin.

Verb

*kràsti impf (perfective *kradnǫti)[1][2][3]

  1. to steal, to rob
  2. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to get into position to steal

Alternative forms
  • *kradati

Conjugation
Conjugation of *krasti, *krade, *kradetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kradenьje *krasti *krastъ *kradlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kradenъ *kradomъ
Active *kradъ *krady
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *krad(ox)ъ*krade*krade *kradǫ*kradeši*kradetь
Dual *krad(ox)ově*krad(e/os)ta*krad(e/os)te *kradevě*kradeta*kradete
Plural *krad(ox)omъ*krad(e/os)te*kradǫ, *kradošę *krademъ*kradete*kradǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kraděaxъ*kraděaše*kraděaše —*kradi*kradi
Dual *kraděaxově*kraděašeta*kraděašete *kraděvě*kraděta—
Plural *kraděaxomъ*kraděašete*kraděaxǫ *kraděmъ*kraděte—

Derived terms

Verbs:

  • *jьzkrasti, *jьzkradati
  • *okrasti, *okradati
  • *pokrasti, *pokradati
  • *sъkrasti, *sъkradati
  • *ukrasti, *ukradati
  • *zakrasti, *zakradati

Nouns:

  • *kradenьje, *kradnь (“stealing, robbery”) (verbal nouns)
  • *kraďa (“steal”), *kraďьba (“theft, robbery”)
  • *kradežь, *kradьba (“thievery”)
  • *kradьcь, *kradačь, *kradičь, *kradunъ, *kradějь (“thief”)
  • *kradьlivъ (“larcenous”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)
    • Russian: красть (krastʹ)
    • Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: krásti
    • Kashubian: krasc
    • Polish: kraść
    • Silesian: kraś
    • Slovak: krаsť
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: kradnyć
      • Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “красть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krasti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 102
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “крада”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 704

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kràsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 245: “v. ‘steal’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “krasti: kradǫ kradetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 208; PR 133)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “krad”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kra̋sti, sed. *krȃdǫ”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.