Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḫapar-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*ḫapar-

to cover

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḫapar- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*ḫapr-
active participle					*ḫāpir-
passive participle					ḫapīr-, ḫapūr-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*ḫaparku	*ḫaparka	*ḫapara		*ḫaparkayā	*ḫaparkā	*ḫaparā	*ḫaparna	*ḫaparkanu	*ḫaparū
perfect	f	*ḫaparku	*ḫaparki	*ḫaparat		*ḫaparkayā	*ḫaparkā	*ḫaparatā	*ḫaparna	*ḫaparkina	*ḫaparā

imperfect	m	*ʔaḫpir	*taḫpir	*yiḫpir			*taḫpirā	*yaḫpirā	*niḫpir	*taḫpirū	*yiḫpirū
imperfect	f	*ʔaḫpir	*taḫpirī	*taḫpir			*taḫpirā	*taḫpirā	*niḫpir	*taḫpirā	*yiḫpirā

imperative	m		*ḫapir				*ḫapirā			*ḫapirū
imperative	f		*ḫapirī				*ḫapirā			*ḫapirā

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒀀𒉺𒊒 (apārum, ḫapārum, “to surround, to encircle; to provide a band for a headscarf, to give a loincloth; to cover or guard”)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: خَفَر (ḵafar, “to guard”)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ኀፈረ (ḫäfärä, “to protect, to defend”)

Verb

*ḫapar-

to be shy, to be ashamed

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḫapar- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*ḫapr-
active participle					*ḫāpir-
passive participle					ḫapīr-, ḫapūr-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*ḫaparku	*ḫaparka	*ḫapara		*ḫaparkayā	*ḫaparkā	*ḫaparā	*ḫaparna	*ḫaparkanu	*ḫaparū
perfect	f	*ḫaparku	*ḫaparki	*ḫaparat		*ḫaparkayā	*ḫaparkā	*ḫaparatā	*ḫaparna	*ḫaparkina	*ḫaparā

imperfect	m	*ʔaḫpar	*taḫpar	*yiḫpar			*taḫparā	*yaḫparā	*niḫpar	*taḫparū	*yiḫparū
imperfect	f	*ʔaḫpar	*taḫparī	*taḫpar			*taḫparā	*taḫparā	*niḫpar	*taḫparā	*yiḫparā

imperative	m		*ḫapar				*ḫaparā			*ḫaparū
imperative	f		*ḫaparī				*ḫaparā			*ḫaparā

Descendants

West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: خَفِرَ (ḵafira, “to be shy”)
- Northwest Semitic:
  - Aramaic:
    - Classical Syriac: ܚܦܰܪ (ḥəp̄ar, “to be ashamed”)
  - Canaanite:
    - Hebrew: חָפֵר (khafér, ḥāp̄ēr, “to be ashamed”)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ኀፈረ (ḫäfärä, “to be shy”)
  - Tigrinya: ኃፈረ (ḫafärä, “to be shy”)

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.