< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰárati
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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, from *dʰer- (“to support, hold”) + *-eti (thematic present suffix).
Inflection
Nonfinite forms of *dʰárati
| Infinitive | *dʰártum |
|---|---|
| Gerund | *dʰartwáH |
| Past passive participle | *dʰr̥tás |
| Future passive participle | *dʰáryas |
Present forms of *dʰárati
| Active | Middle | Passive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| Indicative | ||||||||||
| 1st | *dʰáraHmi | *dʰáraHwas | *dʰáraHmas | *dʰáray | *dʰaráHwadʰHay | *dʰaráHmadʰHay | *dʰaryáy | *dʰaryáHwadʰHay | *dʰaryáHmadʰHay | |
| 2nd | *dʰárasi | *dʰáratʰas | *dʰáratʰa | *dʰárasay | *dʰáraytʰay | *dʰáradʰway | *dʰaryásay | *dʰaryáytʰay | *dʰaryádʰHway | |
| 3rd | *dʰárati | *dʰáratas | *dʰáranti | *dʰáratay | *dʰáraytay | *dʰárantay | *dʰaryátay | *dʰaryáytay | *dʰaryántay | |
| Imperative | ||||||||||
| 1st | *dʰáraHni | *dʰáraHwa | *dʰáraHma | *dʰáraHy | *dʰaráHwadʰHaHy | *dʰaráHmadʰHaHy | *dʰaryáHy | *dʰaryáHwadʰHaHy | *dʰaryáHmadʰHaHy | |
| 2nd | *dʰára | *dʰáratam | *dʰárata | *dʰáraswa | *dʰáraytʰām | *dʰáradʰHwam | *dʰaryáswa | *dʰaryáytʰām | *dʰaryádʰHwam | |
| 3rd | *dʰáratu | *dʰáratām | *dʰárantu | *dʰáratām | *dʰáraytām | *dʰárantam | *dʰaryátām | *dʰaryáytām | *dʰaryántam | |
| Optative | ||||||||||
| 1st | *dʰárayHam | *dʰáraywa | *dʰáraymas | *dʰárayHa | *dʰaráywadʰHi | *dʰaráymadʰHi | *dʰaryáyHa | *dʰaryáywadʰHi | *dʰaryáymadʰHi | |
| 2nd | *dʰárays | *dʰáraytam | *dʰárayta | *dʰáraytʰās | *dʰaráyHātʰām | *dʰáraydʰHwam | *dʰaryáytʰās | *dʰaryáyHātʰām | *dʰaryáydʰHwam | |
| 3rd | *dʰárayt | *dʰáraytām | *dʰárayHunt | *dʰárayta | *dʰaráyHātām | *dʰárayrant | *dʰaryáyta | *dʰaryáyHātām | *dʰaryáyrant | |
| Participles | *dʰárant | *dʰáramHnas | *dʰaryámHnas | |||||||
Imperfect forms of *dʰárati
| Active | Middle | Passive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| Indicative | ||||||||||
| 1st | *ádʰaram | *adʰáraHwa | *adʰáraHma | *ádʰaray | *adʰaráHwadʰHi | *adʰaráHmadʰHi | *adʰaryáy | *adʰaryáHwadʰHi | *adʰaryáHmadʰHi | |
| 2nd | *ádʰaras | *adʰáratam | *adʰárata | *adʰáratʰās | *adʰáraytʰām | *adʰáradʰHwam | *adʰaryátʰās | *adʰaryáytʰām | *adʰaryádʰHwam | |
| 3rd | *ádʰarat | *adʰáratām | *ádʰarant | *adʰárata | *adʰáraytām | *adʰáranta | *adʰaryáta | *adʰaryáytām | *adʰaryánta | |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰárati
- Sanskrit: धरति (dhárati)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀭𑀇 (dharaï)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀭𑀤𑀺 (dharadi)
- Sanskrit: धरति (dhárati)
- Proto-Iranian: *dárati
- Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬋 (dāriiō, 2sg.pres.inj.med)
- Bactrian: [script needed] (lhr)
- Parthian:
- Manichaean: 𐫅𐫀𐫡 (dʾr)
- Old Persian: 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹 (dārayāmiy)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (δʾr)
- Proto-Nuristani: *dárati
- Northern Nuristani:
- Prasuni: la-
- Northern Nuristani:
See also
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