Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrunþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*hrundaz

Etymology

Zero-grade variant of *hrinþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“summit; peak; top; head; horn”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxrun.θɑz/

Noun

*hrunþaz n

A horned beast, as in a neat or ox (alternative form of *hrinþaz)

Inflection

z-stemDeclension of *hrunþaz (z-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hrunþaz	*hrunþizō
vocative	*hrunþaz	*hrunþizō
accusative	*hrunþaz	*hrunþizō
genitive	*hrunþiziz	*hrunþizǫ̂
dative	*hrunþizi	*hrunþizumaz
instrumental	*hrunþizē	*hrunþizumiz

Related terms

Descendants

Old English: hrūþ; hrūþer, hrȳþer
- Middle English: rither (coalesced with descendant of *hrinþaz); rether, reother, rother, ruther, rodder, rudder
  - English: rother
Old Frisian: hrēther, reder
- North Frisian: redder
- Saterland Frisian: Räier
Old Saxon: *hrunth, *hrund
- Middle Low German: runt, ront
Old Dutch: *hrunth, *hrund, *rund
- Middle Dutch: runt, ront
  - Dutch: rund

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