Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gastiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly attested as -gasti- (in Harigasti-, 450–350 BCE, Negau). From Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis. Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *gastis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑs.tiz/

Noun

*gastiz m

stranger, guest

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *gastiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gastiz	*gastīz
vocative	*gasti	*gastīz
accusative	*gastį	*gastinz
genitive	*gastīz	*gastijǫ̂
dative	*gastī	*gastimaz
instrumental	*gastī	*gastimiz

Derived terms

*gastihūsą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gasti
- Old English: ġiest
- Old Frisian: jest
- Old Saxon: gast
  - Middle Low German: gast
    - Westphalian:
      Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Gast
      Sauerländisch: Gast
      Westmünsterländisch: Gast
    - Plautdietsch: Gaust
    - → Saterland Frisian: Gast
    - → West Frisian: gast
- Old Dutch: *gast
  - Middle Dutch: gast
    - Dutch: gast
      - Afrikaans: gas
- Old High German: gast
  - Middle High German: gast
    - Bavarian: Gåst
    - German: Gast
      - → Esperanto: gasto
    - Luxembourgish: Gaascht
    - Yiddish: גאַסט (gast)
Proto-Norse: *ᚷᚨᛊᛏᛁᛉ (*gastiʀ) (attested in several personal names)
- Old Norse: gestr
  - Icelandic: gestur
  - Faroese: gestur
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: gjest
  - Norwegian Bokmål: gjest
  - Old Swedish: gæster
    - Swedish: gäst
  - Old Danish: gæst
    - Danish: gæst
  - → Middle English: gest, geste, gist, geast, gyst
    - English: guest
    - Scots: guest
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (gasts)

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