< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tühjä

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *tüšjä, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian tukšs, Lithuanian tuščias).

Adjective

*tühjä[1]

  1. empty

Inflection
Inflection of *tühjä
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *tühjä *tühjät
accusative *tühjän *tühjät
genitive *tühjän *tühjäden
*tühjeiden
partitive *tühjädä *tühjeidä
inessive *tühjässä
*tühjähnä		 *tühjeissä
*tühjeihnä
elative *tühjästä *tühjeistä
illative *tühjähen *tühjeihen
adessive *tühjällä *tühjeillä
ablative *tühjältä *tühjeiltä
allative *tühjälen
*tühjälek		 *tühjeilen
*tühjeilek
essive *tühjänä *tühjeinä
translative *tühjäksi *tühjeiksi
instructive *tühjän *tühjein
comitative *tühjänek *tühjeinek
abessive *tühjättä *tühjeittä

Descendants
  • Estonian: tühi
  • Finnish: tyhjä
  • Ingrian: tyhjä
  • Karelian:
  • Livonian: (Courland) tijā, (Salaca) tüä
  • Livvi: tyhjy
  • Ludian: tühd'
  • Veps: tühj
  • Võro: tühi
  • Votic: tühje
  • → Proto-Samic: *tuššē (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tühjä”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading
  • “tühi”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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