< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pohja

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown. Akin to Proto-Samic *poaššō, but this is probably borrowed from earlier Finnic. The word has been proposed to be a borrowing from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)posčaH (later *pasčā), but this is rejected by Holopainen (2019).[1] Several proposals for Germanic loan origin have also been advanced, including derivation from Proto-Germanic *bansijaz (“haystack”), but these are likewise considered unlikely.[2]

Noun

*pohja

  1. bottom
  2. base, foundation
  3. north

Inflection
Inflection of *pohja
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *pohja *pohjat
accusative *pohjan *pohjat
genitive *pohjan *pohjadën
*pohjëidën
partitive *pohjada *pohjëida
inessive *pohjassa
*pohjahna		 *pohjëissa
*pohjëihna
elative *pohjasta *pohjëista
illative *pohjahën *pohjëihën
adessive *pohjalla *pohjëilla
ablative *pohjalta *pohjëilta
allative *pohjalën
*pohjalëk		 *pohjëilën
*pohjëilëk
essive *pohjana *pohjëina
translative *pohjaksi *pohjëiksi
instructive *pohjan *pohjëin
comitative *pohjanëk *pohjëinëk
abessive *pohjatta *pohjëitta

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Estonian: põhi
  • Finnish: pohja
  • Ingrian: pohja
  • Karelian: pohja
  • Livonian: pūoj
  • Livvi: pohju
  • Ludian: pohd'
  • Veps: pohj
  • Võro: põhi (“base, foundation, bottom, north”), põh'a (“base, foundation, bottom”)
  • Votic: põhjõ

References
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  1. Holopainen, Sampsa. 2019. Indo-Iranian borrowings in Uralic : Critical overview of sound substitutions and distribution criterion. . pp. 138–139.
  2. Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012. Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
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