< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/apjo

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown. The Finnish word has in the past been compared with the root *ava (compare Finnish avoin (“open”), avata (“to open”)) and Proto-Germanic *aiwǭ, *aiwaz (“law, custom”) (compare Old English ǣw, æ (“law, marriage, ceremony”) and Old High German ēwa (“law, marriage”)). However, neither of these theories can be reconciled with a *-pj-. Another supposed Germanic source is Proto-Germanic *aiwjō (compare *hiwją > *hipjä), but this is not certain either.

Noun

*apjo[1]

  1. marriage

Inflection
Inflection of *apjo
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *apjo *apjot
accusative *apjon *apjot
genitive *apjon *apjodën
*apjoidën
partitive *apjoda *apjoida
inessive *apjossa
*apjohna		 *apjoissa
*apjoihna
elative *apjosta *apjoista
illative *apjohën *apjoihën
adessive *apjolla *apjoilla
ablative *apjolta *apjoilta
allative *apjolën
*apjolëk		 *apjoilën
*apjoilëk
essive *apjona *apjoina
translative *apjoksi *apjoiksi
instructive *apjon *apjoin
comitative *apjonëk *apjoinëk
abessive *apjotta *apjoitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: abi- (in compound: abielu) (+ elu)
  • Finnish: avio
  • Ingrian: aivoi- (in compound: aivoinaine)
  • Livonian: a’b- (in compound: a’bjelāmi)
  • Võro: abi- (in compound: abielo) (+ elo)

References
  1. Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*apjo”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading
  • “abi-”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “avio”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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