< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷalnati
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Originally *kʷalnīti, from a nasal-infix derivative of Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁- (“to turn”).[1]
Inflection
| Athematic h₁-root nasal-infix present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *kʷalnīmi | *kʷalnamam | ? | ? |
| 2nd singular | *kʷalnīsi | *kʷalnatās | ? | ? |
| 3rd singular | *kʷalnīti | *kʷalnato | ? | ? |
| 1st plural | *kʷalnamosi | *kʷalnamo | ? | ? |
| 2nd plural | *kʷalnatesi | *kʷalnastē | ? | ? |
| 3rd plural | *kʷalnenti | *kʷalnanto | ? | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *kʷelasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *kʷelasesi | ? | *kʷalnī | |
| 3rd singular | *kʷelaseti | ? | *kʷalnītou | |
| 1st plural | *kʷelasomosi | ? | *kʷalnamos | |
| 2nd plural | *kʷelasetesi | ? | *kʷalnate | |
| 3rd plural | *kʷelasonti | ? | *kʷalnentou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *kʷalnīr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *kʷalnītar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *kʷalnītor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *kʷalnammor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *kʷalnadwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *kʷalnentor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *kʷelasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *kʷelasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *kʷelasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *kʷelasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *kʷelasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *kʷelasontor | — | — | |
Derived terms
- *ambi-kʷalnati
- Old Irish: imm·cella (“to surround”)
- *to-ambi-kʷalnati
- Old Irish: do·immchella (“to go around”)
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kʷal-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
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