Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/-táànò

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Reconstruction

The palatalized forms *-cáànò and *-cáànʊ̀ derive from the leveling of a morphological alternation in which the first consonant was palatalized in class 10.[1]

Etymology

Cognates outside Bantu include Tiv utaan and Proto-Grassfields *(í-)tàn and Efik tíòn

Adjective

cardinal number
5	Previous:	*-nàì
5	Next:	*ìkʊ́mì

*-táànò[2]

five

Alternative forms

*-táànʊ̀
*-cáànò
*-cáànʊ̀

Descendants

From *-táànò:

Luganda (J15): -taano
Tooro (J12): -taano
Swahili (G42): -tano

From *-táànʊ̀:

Duala (A24): -tánu
Kimbundu (H21): -tanu
Luba-Kasai (L31): -tanu
Mbunda (K15): -tanu
Rwanda-Rundi (J61/62): -tanu

From *-cáànʊ̀:

Chichewa (N31): -sanu
Shona (S10): -shanu
Gusii (J42): isano
Southern Bantu:
- Nguni:
  - Northern Ndebele (S44): -hlanu
  - Phuthi (S404): -hlanu
  - Swazi (S43): -hlanu
  - Xhosa (S41): -hlanu
  - Zulu (S42): -hlanu
- Sotho-Tswana:
  - Northern Sotho (S32): -hlano
  - Sotho (S33): -hlano
  - Tswana (S31): -tlhano
- Tsonga (S53): -ntlhanu
- Venda (S20): -ṱhanu

References

Meeussen, A. E. (1973). Comparative Bantu: Test cases for method. African Language Studies, 14, 6–18.
Entry 2768 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3

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[1] Meeussen, A. E. (1973). Comparative Bantu: Test cases for method. African Language Studies, 14, 6–18.

[2] Entry 2768 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3