๐ƒ๐Žก๐Žฏ๐Žข๐Žน

Old Persian
An early 5th century BC relief of Indian tribute bearers. This relief is from the eastern stairs leading to the Apadana at Persepolis.

Etymology

Masculine gender adjective formed from ๐ƒ๐Žก๐Žฏ๐Žข๐ (h-i-du-u-ลก /โ Hiโฟduลกโ /, โ€œIndiaโ€) +โ€Ž -๐Žน (-y /โ -yaสฐโ /, adjectival suffix), used as a substantive.

Noun

๐ƒ๐Žก๐Žฏ๐Žข๐Žน (Hiโฟduya)

  1. an Indian
    ๐Žก๐Žน๐Žถ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žก๐Žฏ๐Žข๐Žน โ€• iyam Hiโฟduya โ€• this is an Indian[1]

Descendants
  • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hndwk' /โ hindลซgโ /), ๐ซ๐ซ๐ซ—๐ซ…๐ซ‡๐ซƒ (hyndwg /โ hindลซgโ /)[2]
  • โ†’ Akkadian:
    Late Babylonian: ๐’…”๐’บ๐’Œ‹ (in-du-u /โ Indลซโ /), ๐’…”๐’บ๐’ˆ ๐’€€๐’€€ (in-du-ma-a-a /โ Indumฤyaโ /), ๐’…”๐’บ๐’ˆ ๐’€€๐’€€๐’€ช (in-du-ma-a-a- /โ Indumฤyaสพโ /)[3]
  • โ†’ Elamite:
    Achaemenid Elamite: ๐’„ญ๐’…”๐’บ๐’†œ (hi-in-du-iลก /โ Hinduiลกโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’บ (hi-du /โ Hiduโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’บ๐’ (hi-du-be /โ Hidubeโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’บ๐’†œ (hi-du-iลก /โ Hiduiลกโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’…”๐’บ๐’…€ (hi-in-du-ia /โ Hinduyaโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’…”๐’บ๐’…€๐’ (hi-in-du-ia-be /โ Hinduyabeโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’…”๐’บ๐’…€๐’… (hi-in-du-ia-ip /โ Hinduyaipโ /), ๐’„ญ๐’…”๐’บ๐’…€๐’†œ (hi-in-du-ia-iลก /โ Hinduyaiลกโ /)[3][4]

References
  1. Text: A.2P, Part No. 130, Old Persian Corpus, TITUS: Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien
  2. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) โ€œHindลซgโ€, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 43
  3. Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550โ€“330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, โ†’ISBN
  4. Cuneiform Texts in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Volume IV: The Ebabbar Temple Archive and Other Texts from the Fourth to the First Millennium B.C. Ira Spar, Michael Jursa Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1 aoรปt 2014
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