πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌹𐌽- (in-) +β€Ž πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ (gramjan).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /inˈɑramjan/

Verb

πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (ingramjan)

  1. to provoke
    • 1 Corinthians 13:5:
      𐌽𐌹 πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒΉπƒπŒΊπ‰πŒΈ, 𐌽𐌹 πƒπ‰πŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌰𐌹𐌽, 𐌽𐌹 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°, 𐌽𐌹𐌷 πŒΌπŒΉπ„π‰πŒΈ 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻
      ni aiwiskōþ, ni sōkeiþ sein ain, ni ingramjada, nih mitōþ ubil
      Doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil (KJV)

Conjugation
Class 1 weak
Infinitive πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
ingramjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°
ingramja		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
ingramida		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
ingramjada
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπƒ
ingramjis		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
ingramidΔ“s		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
ingramjaza
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
ingramjiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
ingramida		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
ingramjada
1st dual πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπ‰πƒ
ingramjōs		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
ingramidΔ“du		 β€”
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
ingramjats		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
ingramidΔ“duts		 β€”
1st plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
ingramjam		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
ingramidΔ“dum		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
ingramjanda
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
ingramjiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
ingramidΔ“duΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
ingramjanda
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
ingramjand		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
ingramidΔ“dun		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
ingramjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjau		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
ingramidΔ“djau		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaidau
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
ingramjais		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
ingramidΔ“deis		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaizau
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
ingramjai		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
ingramidΔ“di		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaidau
1st dual πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
ingramjaiwa		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
ingramidΔ“deiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
ingramjaits		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
ingramidΔ“deits		 β€”
1st plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
ingramjaima		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
ingramidΔ“deima		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaindau
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
ingramjaiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
ingramidΔ“deiΓΎ		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaindau
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
ingramjaina		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
ingramidΔ“deina		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ΄πŒΉ
ingramei
3rd singular πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjadau
2nd dual πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
ingramjats
2nd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
ingramjiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
ingramjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
ingramjands		 πŒΉπŒ½πŒ²π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒΉπŒΈπƒ
ingramiΓΎs

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 50
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