黃昏

See also: 黄昏

Chinese

	yellow	muddle-headed; twilight; to faint muddle-headed; twilight; to faint; to lose consciousness
trad. (黃昏)	黃	昏
simp. (黄昏)	黄	昏
anagram	昏黃／昏黄

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huánghūn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄣ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huang² hun¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁴ fan¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hông-hun

(Teochew, Peng'im): ng⁵ hung¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huánghūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huánghun
  - Wade–Giles: huang²-hun¹
  - Yale: hwáng-hwūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwanghuen
  - Palladius: хуанхунь (xuanxunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ən⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: huang² hun¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuongxun
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuaŋ²¹ xuən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁴ fan¹
  - Yale: wòhng fān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁴ fan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁴ fen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ²¹ fɐn⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông-hun
  - Tâi-lô: hông-hun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: honghwn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hun³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hun⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hun⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ng⁵ hung¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: n̂g hung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: hwang xwon

Rime
Character	黃	昏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡光切	呼昆切
Baxter	hwang	xwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwɑŋ/	/huən/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑŋ/	/huon/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑŋ/	/xuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaŋ/	/hwən/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑŋ/	/xuən/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑŋ/	/xuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwɑŋ/	/xuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huáng	hūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong⁴	fan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kʷˤaŋ m̥ˤu[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaːŋ hmɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	黃	昏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huáng	hūn
Middle Chinese	‹ hwang ›	‹ xwon ›
Old Chinese	/*N-kʷˁaŋ/	/*m̥ˁu[n]/
English	yellow	dusk, dark
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	黃	昏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	5380	5529
Phonetic component	黄	昏
Rime group	陽	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	黃	昏
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaːŋ/	/*hmɯːn/
Notes	甲金文象繫市（韍）之圍腰綬帶，取唐蘭釋黃爲衡綬但不取其尪本字說。非光聲

Noun

黃昏

dusk; twilight

Synonyms

傍晚 (bàngwǎn)
傍黑 (bànghēi) (regional)
入暮 (rùmù)
向晚 (xiàngwǎn) (literary)
向暮 (xiàngmù) (literary)
夜色 (yèsè) (night scenery)
斷夜／断夜 (Hakka)
斷暗／断暗 (Hakka)
昏暮 (hūnmù) (literary)
晚來／晚来 (wǎnlái) (literary)
暝色 (míngsè) (literary or Teochew, night scenery)
暮色 (mùsè) (shades of evening)
落黑 (no² he²) (Sichuanese)
薄暮 (bómù) (literary)
遲暮／迟暮 (chímù) (literary)

Dialectal synonyms of 傍晚 (“nightfall; dusk; evening”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		暮, 夕, 黃昏, 薄暮, 向晚, 日暮
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		傍晚, 黃昏
Mandarin	Beijing	擦黑兒, 傍晚兒
	Taiwan	傍晚
	Harbin	傍黑兒, 擦黑兒
	Yantai (Muping)	傍傍黑兒
	Jinan	傍黑天兒, 傍黑兒天
	Luoyang	黑些兒
	Xi'an	擦黑, 後晌黑
	Xining	擦黑兒
	Wuhan	煞黑, 挨黑
	Chengdu	擦黑, 麻麻黑, 打麻子眼兒
	Xuzhou	捱黑兒, 捱傍黑兒, 下傍晚兒, 捱傍晚兒
	Yangzhou	下晚, 下晚時候
	Singapore	傍晚
Cantonese	Guangzhou	挨晚, 𨂾光黑
	Hong Kong	挨晚, 黃昏
	Taishan	埋黑
	Yangjiang	使黑, 煞黑
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	熱頭晚
Gan	Nanchang	臨夜邊子
Hakka	Meixian	臨暗, 臨夜, 臨暗邊, 斷暗, 斷夜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	臨暗仔, 臨暗邊, 臨暗頭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	臨暗仔, 臨暗邊, 臨暗頭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	臨暗仔, 臨暗邊, 臨暗頭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	臨暗, 臨暗邊, 臨暗頭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	臨暗仔, 臨暗, 臨暗邊, 臨暗頭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	偎暗, 烏昏
	Bangkok (Meixian)	斷暗邊
Jin	Taiyuan	擦黑, 黑將來
Northern Min	Jian'ou	暗邊仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	半晡
Eastern Min	Matsu	半晡
Southern Min	Xiamen	日欲暗, 倚暗, 倚暗仔, 欲暗仔
	Quanzhou	日欲暗, 欲暗仔
	Zhangzhou	日欲暗, 倚暗, 倚暗仔, 欲暗仔, 倚欲暗仔
	Taipei	欲暗仔, 暗頭仔 GT
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	尾暗仔, 欲暗仔
	Kaohsiung	欲暗仔
	Yilan	欲暗仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	日欲暗, 欲暗仔
	Taichung	日頭欲落山, 黃昏 literary
	Tainan	尾暗仔, 欲暗仔
	Hsinchu	欲暗矣, 黃昏
	Kinmen	欲暗矣, 日較晚
	Penghu (Magong)	日欲暗
	Penang (Hokkien)	暗頭, 日頭落山
	Manila (Hokkien)	暗頭
	Chaozhou	暝昏
	Shantou	暝昏, 暝暗頭, 隨暗
	Shantou (Chenghai)	暝昏, 暝暗, 暝暗頭
	Jieyang	暝暗晡, 暝昏晡
	Lufeng	暗昏跤
	Haifeng	暗昏跤
	Bangkok (Teochew)	日暗, 暗頭
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	暝昏
	Singapore (Teochew)	暝昏
	Batam (Teochew)	暝昏
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	煞黑
Wu	Shanghai	齊夜快, 夜快, 夜快同, 傍晚辰光, 黃昏頭
	Suzhou	夜快, 夜快點, 垂夜快
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	夜快邊, 夜快
	Wenzhou	黃昏邊
Xiang	Changsha	斷黑, 煞黑, 晚邊子
Xiang	Shuangfeng	斷黑, 挨黑, 達夜
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

Derived terms

人約黃昏／人约黄昏
黃昏戀／黄昏恋 (huánghūnliàn)
黃昏時分／黄昏时分

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (黃昏):

→ Japanese: 黄昏(こうこん) (kōkon)
→ Korean: 황혼(黃昏) (hwanghon)
→ Vietnamese: hoàng hôn (黃昏)

Adjective

黃昏

Synonym of 昏黄 (hūnhuáng, “pale yellow; dim”)

References

“Entry #9274”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
黃	昏
こう Jinmeiyō	こん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 黃昏 – see the following entry.

【黄昏たそがれ】	[noun] dusk; twilight Alternative spellings 黄昏れ, 誰そ彼
【黄昏こうこん】	[noun] dusk; twilight

(This term, 黃昏, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
黃	昏

Noun

黃昏 • (hwanghon) (hangeul 황혼)

Hanja form^? of 황혼 (“sunset”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
黃	昏

Noun

黃昏

chữ Hán form of hoàng hôn (“dusk”).

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