顔映し
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 顔 | 映 |
| かお > かわ Grade: 2 |
はゆ Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 顏映し (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
Appears in sources from the late Heian period.
Compound of 顔 (kawo, “face”, classical reading; kao in modern Japanese) + 映し (hayushi, “florid, flushed”, classical Japanese; hayui in modern Japanese, only used in compounds).[1][2]
/kawo hajuɕi/ → /kawa hajuɕi/
Note that 顔 (kao) in modern Japanese was historically pronounced /kapo/, shifting to /kafo/ and then to /kawo/ by the 11th century. When combined with 映し (hayushi), the /kawo/ shifted to become /kawa/ + /hajuɕi/. This appears to be the only word where the final -o in kawo shifted to -a; this may have been influenced by the initial -a- in hayushi.
Adjective
顔映し • (kawahayushi) ←かははゆし (kafafayusi)?†-ku
- (archaic) red-faced
- (archaic) embarrassed, guilty of conscience
- c. 1120: Konjaku Monogatarishū 19.9
- 然レドモ極テカハゝユク思エテ、此ノ事ヲ人ニ不云ズシテ耄ケ行ク程ニ
- c. 1120: Konjaku Monogatarishū 19.9
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "顔映し" (ク活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 顔映く[1] 顔映から[2] | かははゆく かははゆから | kafafayuku kafafayukara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 顔映く[1] 顔映かり[2] | かははゆく かははゆかり | kafafayuku kafafayukari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 顔映し | かははゆし | kafafayusi | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 顔映き 顔映かる | かははゆき かははゆかる | kafafayuki kafafayukaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 顔映けれ | かははゆけれ | kafafayukere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 顔映かれ | かははゆかれ | kafafayukare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 顔映からず | かははゆからず | kafafayukarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 顔映けれど | かははゆけれど | kafafayukeredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 顔映ければ | かははゆければ | kafafayukereba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 顔映くば | かははゆくば | kafafayukuba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 顔映かりき | かははゆかりき | kafafayukariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 顔映かりけり | かははゆかりけり | kafafayukarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 顔映く | かははゆく | kafafayuku | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Yamada, Yoshio with Tadao Yamada, Hideo Yamada, Toshio Yamada (1962 March 5) [c. 1120] Konjaku Monogatarishū (Volume 4) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
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