芣苡

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (芣苡)		芣	苡
simp. ^#(芣苡)		芣	苡
alternative forms		芣苢

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fúyǐ, fóuyǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄧˇ, ㄈㄡˊ ㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fau⁴ ji⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fúyǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fúyǐ
  - Wade–Giles: fu²-i³
  - Yale: fú-yǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwuyii
  - Palladius: фуи (fui)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fóuyǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄡˊ ㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fóuyǐ
  - Wade–Giles: fou²-i³
  - Yale: fóu-yǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fouryii
  - Palladius: фоуи (foui)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /foʊ̯³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fau⁴ ji⁵
  - Yale: fàuh yíh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fau⁴ ji⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: feo⁴ yi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐu̯²¹ jiː¹³/

Middle Chinese: bjuw yiX

Rime
Character	芣	苡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	縛謀切	羊己切
Baxter	bjuw	yiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨu/	/jɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/biu/	/jɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/biəu/	/ie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buw/	/jɨ^X/
Li Rong	/biu/	/iə^X/
Wang Li	/bĭəu/	/jĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯u/	/i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fóu	yǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau⁴	ji⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯ lɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	苡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ yi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*ləʔ/
English	Plantago
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芣	苡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1039	14930
Phonetic component	不	以
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	浮	以
Old Chinese	/*bɯ/	/*lɯʔ/
Notes		說文作苢

Noun

芣苡

(archaic) Synonym of 車前／车前 (“plantain”)
- 采采芣苢，薄言采之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Cǎi cǎi fúyǐ, bóyán cǎi zhī. [Pinyin]
  We gather and gather the plantains;
  Now we may gather them.

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