臣服

Chinese
 
statesman; vassal; courtier
statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official
 
clothes; dress; garment
clothes; dress; garment; submit; take (medicine)
simp. and trad.
(臣服)		 臣 服

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 臣 服
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 植鄰切 房六切
Baxter dzyin bjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiɪn/ /bɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑin/ /biuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjen/ /biuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑin/ /buwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiĕn/ /biuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭĕn/ /bĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯ĕn/ /bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chén fú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 san4 fuk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 臣 服
Reading # 1/1 3/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chén fú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyin › ‹ bjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]i[ŋ]/ /*[b]ək/
English slave, subject subdue, submit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 臣 服
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 1342 3366
Phonetic
component		 臣 服
Rime
group		 眞 職
Rime
subdivision		 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 辰 伏
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡiŋ/ /*bɯɡ/
Notes 甲文臧象以戈刺目爲奴，
省戈表不刺者則爲臣，
專指役使於家內者

Verb

臣服

  1. (literary, historical) to acknowledge allegiance to; to serve (the emperor)
  2. (literary, historical) to submit to (the rule of)
  3. (by extension) to submit to; to acknowledge defeat or inferiority

Synonyms
  • (to submit):

Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of “to submit”):

Japanese
Kanji in this term
臣 服
しん
Grade: 4		 ふく > ぷく
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ɕĩmpɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

臣(しん)服(ぷく)する • (shinpuku suru) suru (stem 臣(しん)服(ぷく)し (shinpuku shi), past 臣(しん)服(ぷく)した (shinpuku shita))

  1. to acknowledge allegiance to; to serve (the king)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "臣服する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 臣服し しんぷくし shinpuku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 臣服し しんぷくし shinpuku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 臣服する しんぷくする shinpuku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 臣服する しんぷくする shinpuku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 臣服すれ しんぷくすれ shinpuku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 臣服せよ¹
臣服しろ²		 しんぷくせよ¹
しんぷくしろ²		 shinpuku seyo¹
shinpuku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 臣服される しんぷくされる shinpuku sareru
Causative 臣服させる
臣服さす		 しんぷくさせる
しんぷくさす		 shinpuku saseru
shinpuku sasu
Potential 臣服できる しんぷくできる shinpuku dekiru
Volitional 臣服しよう しんぷくしよう shinpuku shiyō
Negative 臣服しない しんぷくしない shinpuku shinai
Negative continuative 臣服せず しんぷくせず shinpuku sezu
Formal 臣服します しんぷくします shinpuku shimasu
Perfective 臣服した しんぷくした shinpuku shita
Conjunctive 臣服して しんぷくして shinpuku shite
Hypothetical conditional 臣服すれば しんぷくすれば shinpuku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

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