痴
See also: 癡
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Translingual
Han character
痴 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大人大口 (KOKR), four-corner 00160, composition ⿸疒知)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 774, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22257
- Dae Jaweon: page 1185, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2681, character 1
- Unihan data for U+75F4
Chinese
| trad. | 痴/癡 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 痴 | |
Glyph origin
Pronunciation
Definitions
痴
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 瘋 (“mad; crazy; insane”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 痴, 狂, 癲 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 瘋, 狂, 瘋癲, 瘋狂 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 瘋 |
| Taiwan | 瘋 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 痴 | |
| Luoyang | 瘋 | |
| Xi'an | 瘋 | |
| Ürümqi | 瘋 | |
| Wuhan | 八面威, 八面 | |
| Guiyang | 瘋 | |
| Liuzhou | 癲 | |
| Yangzhou | 瘋 | |
| Singapore | 神經病, 有毛病 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋, short |
| Hong Kong | 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋, 黐膠花, short, 黐總掣, 黐大掣 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 癲, 黐線 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 瘋 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 癲 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 癲 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 痟 |
| Quanzhou | 痟 | |
| Yongchun | 痟 | |
| Zhangzhou | 痟, 魔 | |
| Zhao'an | 痟 | |
| Tainan | 痟 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 痟 | |
| Chaozhou | 痟 | |
| Shantou | 痟 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 痟 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 痟 | |
| Jieyang | 痟 | |
| Haifeng | 癲 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 痟 | |
| Leizhou | 痟神 | |
| Wenchang | 發痟 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 發痟 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 痴 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 痴 | |
| Danyang | 瘋 | |
| Hangzhou | 瘋 | |
| Wenzhou | 癲 | |
| Jinhua | 癲 | |
| Xiang | Loudi | 瘋 |
Compounds
- 一片痴心
- 似醉如痴
- 半痴不顛／半痴不颠
- 呢呢痴痴
- 如痴似醉
- 如痴如夢／如痴如梦
- 如痴如狂
- 如痴如迷
- 如痴如醉 (rúchīrúzuì)
- 如醉如痴 (rúzuìrúchī)
- 妍皮痴骨
- 嬌痴／娇痴
- 小黠大痴
- 情痴
- 愚痴 (yúchī)
- 懵懂痴呆
- 撒嬌撒痴／撒娇撒痴
- 撒風撒痴／撒风撒痴
- 書痴／书痴
- 獃痴
- 男痴
- 痴人 (chīrén)
- 痴人痴福
- 痴人說夢／痴人说梦 (chīrénshuōmèng)
- 痴倒
- 痴傻
- 痴兒／痴儿
- 痴叔
- 痴呆
- 痴呆懵懂
- 痴呆症
- 痴姑娘
- 痴姨
- 痴子
- 痴子望天坍，窮人望民反／痴子望天坍，穷人望民反
- 痴心 (chīxīn)
- 痴心女子負心漢／痴心女子负心汉
- 痴心妄想 (chīxīnwàngxiǎng)
- 痴情 (chīqíng)
- 痴想 (chīxiǎng)
- 痴掙／痴挣
- 痴搭搭
- 痴漢／痴汉 (chīhàn)
- 痴然如醉
- 痴物
- 痴狂 (chīkuáng)
- 痴獃
- 痴男怨女 (chīnányuànnǚ)
- 痴痴
- 痴福
- 痴笑 (chīxiào)
- 痴肥 (chīféi)
- 痴蟲／痴虫
- 痴迷 (chīmí)
- 痴那
- 痴鈍／痴钝
- 痴長／痴长
- 痴頑／痴顽
- 痴頭怪腦／痴头怪脑
- 痴騃／痴𫘤
- 發痴／发痴
- 白痴 (báichī)
- 花痴 (huāchī)
- 詅痴符／𰵚痴符
- 貪夫痴客／贪夫痴客
- 賣痴獃／卖痴獃
- 音痴 (yīnchī)
- 風痴／风痴 (fēngchī)
- 墨痴
Japanese
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 痴 |
| ち Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 癡 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 痴 (MC trhi). Compare modern Mandarin 痴 (chī).
The Buddhist sense is a translation of Sanskrit मोह (moha, “folly, ignorance”) or मूढ (mūḍha, “fool”).[1]
Noun
痴 • (chi)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 痴 |
| おこ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 癡 (kyūjitai) 烏滸 尾籠 嗚呼 (rare) |
⟨woko2⟩ → */wəkə/ → /woko/ → /oko/
From Old Japanese.[1]
Usage notes
Historical sources[1][2] show that this term is more often used as an attributive noun, followed by possessive particle の (no) when used to modify another noun.
Inflection
Inflection of 痴
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 痴だろ | おこだろ | oko daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 痴で | おこで | oko de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 痴だ | おこだ | oko da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 痴な | おこな | oko na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 痴なら | おこなら | oko nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 痴であれ | おこであれ | oko de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 痴ではない 痴じゃない |
おこではない おこじゃない |
oko de wa nai oko ja nai |
| Informal past | 痴だった | おこだった | oko datta |
| Informal negative past | 痴ではなかった 痴じゃなかった |
おこではなかった おこじゃなかった |
oko de wa nakatta oko ja nakatta |
| Formal | 痴です | おこです | oko desu |
| Formal negative | 痴ではありません 痴じゃありません |
おこではありません おこじゃありません |
oko de wa arimasen oko ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 痴でした | おこでした | oko deshita |
| Formal negative past | 痴ではありませんでした 痴じゃありませんでした |
おこではありませんでした おこじゃありませんでした |
oko de wa arimasen deshita oko ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 痴で | おこで | oko de |
| Conditional | 痴なら（ば） | おこなら（ば） | oko nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 痴だったら | おこだったら | oko dattara |
| Volitional | 痴だろう | おこだろう | oko darō |
| Adverbial | 痴に | おこに | oko ni |
| Degree | 痴さ | おこさ | okosa |
Classical conjugation of "痴なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 痴なら | をこなら | woko nara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 痴に[1] 痴なり[2] | をこに をこなり | woko ni woko nari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 痴なり | をこなり | woko nari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 痴なる | をこなる | woko naru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 痴なれ | をこなれ | woko nare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 痴なれ | をこなれ | woko nare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 痴ならず | をこならず | woko narazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 痴なれど | をこなれど | woko naredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 痴なれば | をこなれば | woko nareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 痴ならば | をこならば | woko naraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 痴なりき | をこなりき | woko nariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 痴なりけり | をこなりけり | woko narikeri | |
| Adverbial | 痴に | をこに | woko ni | |
| [1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 痴痴し (okōkoshi)
- 痴がましい (okogamashii)
- 痴がる (okogaru)
- 痴絵 (okoe)
- 痴言 (okogoto)
- 痴付く (okozuku)
- 尾籠 (birō)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
痴: Hán Nôm readings: si, sy, se
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References
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