| candle | dragon; imperial; surname | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (燭龍) | 燭 | 龍 | |
| simp. (烛龙) | 烛 | 龙 | |
| anagram | 龍燭／龙烛 | ||
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 燭 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (8) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 之欲切 | 力鍾切 |
| Baxter | tsyowk | ljowng |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕɨok̚/ | /lɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕiok̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕiok̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cuawk̚/ | /luawŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕiok̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕĭwok̚/ | /lĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕi̯wok̚/ | /li̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
zhu | lóng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
zuk1 | lung4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 燭 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
zhú | lóng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyowk › | ‹ ljowng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tok/ | /*[mə]-roŋ/ |
| English | torch | dragon |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 燭 | 龍 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11828 | 8436 | 8763 |
| Phonetic component |
蜀 | 龍 | 尨 |
| Rime group |
屋 | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
燭 | 龍 | 厖 |
| Old Chinese |
/*tjoɡ/ | /*b·roŋ/ | /*mroːŋ/ |
| Notes | 同狵 | ||