| not have | carry; what; how carry; what; how; why; which | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (無何) | 無 | 何 | |
| simp. (无何) | 无 | 何 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 武夫切 | 胡歌切 |
| Baxter | mju | ha |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mɨo/ | /ɦɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mio/ | /ɦɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/mio/ | /ɣɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/muə̆/ | /ɦa/ |
| Li Rong |
/mio/ | /ɣɑ/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭu/ | /ɣɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mi̯u/ | /ɣɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wú | hé |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
mou4 | ho4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wú | hé |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mju › | ‹ ha › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ma/ | /*[ɡ]ˁaj/ |
| English | not have | what |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 何 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 13117 | 7458 |
| Phonetic component |
無 | 可 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
無 | 何 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ma/ | /*ɡaːl/ |