演じる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
演
えん
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Shift from verb 演(えん)ずる (enzuru), by natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) えんじる [èńjírú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • (Tokyo) えんじ​る [èńjíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑiɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

演(えん)じる • (enjiru) transitive ichidan (stem 演(えん)じ (enji), past 演(えん)じた (enjita))

  1. play a part, perform
    重要(じゅうよう)な役割(やくわり)を演(えん)じた。
    Jūyō na yakuwari o enjita.
    It played an important role.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "演じる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 演じ えんじ enji
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 演じ えんじ enji
Shūshikei ("terminal") 演じる えんじる enjiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 演じる えんじる enjiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 演じれ えんじれ enjire
Meireikei ("imperative") 演じよ¹
演じろ²		 えんじよ¹
えんじろ²		 enjiyo¹
enjiro²
Key constructions
Passive 演じられる えんじられる enjirareru
Causative 演じさせる
演じさす		 えんじさせる
えんじさす		 enjisaseru
enjisasu
Potential 演じられる
演じれる³		 えんじられる
えんじれる³		 enjirareru
enjireru³
Volitional 演じよう えんじよう enjiyō
Negative 演じない
演じぬ
演じん		 えんじない
えんじぬ
えんじん		 enjinai
enjinu
enjin
Negative continuative 演じず えんじず enjizu
Formal 演じます えんじます enjimasu
Perfective 演じた えんじた enjita
Conjunctive 演じて えんじて enjite
Hypothetical conditional 演じれば えんじれば enjireba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Synonyms

References
  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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