波羅夷

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (波羅夷)		波	羅	夷
simp. (波罗夷)		波	罗	夷

Etymology

From Sanskrit पाराजिक (pārājika).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bōluóyí

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bōluóyí
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: boluóyí
  - Wade–Giles: po¹-lo²-i²
  - Yale: bwō-lwó-yí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boluoyi
  - Palladius: болои (boloi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ i³⁵/

Middle Chinese: pa la yij

Rime
Character	波	羅	夷
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	來 (37)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	博禾切	魯何切	以脂切
Baxter	pa	la	yij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/jiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/ji/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/jɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwa/	/la/	/ji/
Li Rong	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/i/
Wang Li	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/ji/
Bernard Karlgren	/puɑ/	/lɑ/	/i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bō	luó	yí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bo¹	lo⁴	ji⁴

Noun

波羅夷

(Buddhism) a major violation of the monastic precepts
Synonym: 重罪 (zhòngzuì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (波羅夷):

→ Japanese: 波(は)羅(ら)夷(い) (harai)
→ Korean: 바라이(波羅夷) (barai)

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “波羅夷” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

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