| grieved | distressed; alarmed; shocked distressed; alarmed; shocked; grieved | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (忉怛) |
忉 | 怛 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 忉 | 怛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) | 寒 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 都勞切 | 當割切 |
| Baxter | taw | tat |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/taw/ | /tat̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/tɑu/ | /tɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
dāo | da |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
dou1 | daat3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 怛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
dá |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tat › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tˁat/ |
| English | grieved |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 忉 | 怛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2109 | 2099 |
| Phonetic component |
刀 | 旦 |
| Rime group |
宵 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
怛 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*taːw/ | /*taːd/ |