小刀

Chinese
 
small; tiny; few
small; tiny; few; young
 knife
simp. and trad.
(小刀)		 小 刀

Pronunciation

Noun

小刀

  1. pocketknife; penknife
  2. shortsword

Synonyms
  • (pocketknife):
Dialectal synonyms of 小刀 (“pocketknife; penknife”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小刀, 刀子
Mandarin Beijing 刀子, 小刀兒
Taiwan 小刀
Harbin 刀子
Jinan 刀子, 小刀兒
Wanrong 刀子
Xi'an 小刀兒, 刀刀兒, 刀刀子, 刀子
Ürümqi 刀刀子
Wuhan 刀子, 刀
Chengdu 刀刀兒, 刀兒
Yangzhou 刀子, 小刀
Hefei 小刀子, 小刀
Cantonese Guangzhou 刀仔
Hong Kong 刀仔
Taishan 刀仔
Dongguan 刀仔
Yangjiang 刀仔
Gan Nanchang 刀子
Lichuan 刀崽
Pingxiang 小刀仔
Hakka Meixian 刀仔
Jin Taiyuan 刀刀, 刀子, 小刀兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 刀仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 刀囝
Southern Min Xiamen 刀仔, 刀仔囝
Quanzhou 刀仔
Zhangzhou 刀仔囝
Tainan 刀仔 GT
Chaozhou 刀囝
Leizhou 刀囝
Haikou 刀囝
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 刀崽
Wu Suzhou 小刀
Hangzhou 刀兒
Wenzhou 刀兒
Xiang Changsha 細刀子, 刀子
Shuangfeng 細刀子
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
小 刀
しょう
Grade: 1		 とう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 小刀 (sjewX taw, literally “small + blade”). Compare modern Mandarin reading xiǎodāo, Cantonese siu2 dou1, Min Nan sió-to.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) しょーとー [shòótóó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [ɕo̞ːto̞ː]

Noun

小(しょう)刀(とう) • (shōtō) ←せうたう (seutau)?

  1. small knife, short sword

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
小 刀
こ
Grade: 1		 かたな > がたな
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Compound of 小 (ko, “small, little”) +‎ 刀 (katana, “sword, blade”).[3][1][2] The katana changes to gatana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

小(こ)刀(がたな) • (kogatana) 

  1. small knife, short sword
Usage notes
  • The kogatana reading is more common than shōtō.
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 小刀細工(こがたなざいく) (kogatana-zaiku): carving with a knife
See also

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
小 刀
ちい(さ)
Grade: 1		 かたな > がたな
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Compound of 小さ (chīsa, “small”, the stem of adjective 小さい chīsai) +‎ 刀 (katana, “sword, blade”). The katana changes to gatana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms
  • 小さ刀

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ちいさが​たな [chìíságáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [4])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕiːsa̠ɡa̠ta̠na̠]

Noun

小(ちいさ)刀(がたな) • (chīsagatana) 

  1. a specific kind of short sword without a hilt guard

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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