埼玉

Chinese

		headland	jade
simp. and trad. (埼玉)		埼	玉

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 埼(さい)玉(たま) (Saitama).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Qíyù

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴ juk⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Kî-gio̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Qíyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Cíyù
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻi²-yü⁴
  - Yale: Chí-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chyiyuh
  - Palladius: Циюй (Cijuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵ y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kei⁴ juk⁶
  - Yale: kèih yuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴ juk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴ yug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹ jʊk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kî-gio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: Kî-gio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki'giok
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³⁻³³ ɡiɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡiɔk̚⁴/

Proper noun

埼玉

(～縣) Saitama (a prefecture of Japan)
(～市) Saitama (the capital city of Saitama Prefecture, Japan)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
埼	玉
さい Grade: 4	たま Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Etymology

⟨saki₁tama⟩ → */sakʲitama/ → /saĩtama//saĩdama/ → /saitama/

Shift from Old Japanese 埼玉 (Saki₁tama).

Also read as Saidama in older texts.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) さいたま [sáꜜìtàmà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [sa̠ita̠ma̠]

Proper noun

埼(さい)玉(たま) • (Saitama)

a placename, such as that of:
1. (historical) Short for 埼玉郡 (Saitama-gun): Saitama (a former district in northeastern Musashi Province, facing the Tone River, in the Kanto Region, Japan)
2. Short for 埼玉県 (Saitama-ken): Saitama, Saitama Prefecture (a prefecture of Japan)
3. Alternative spelling of さいたま (Saitama): Saitama (the capital city of Saitama Prefecture, Japan)
a surname

Derived terms

さいたま (Saitama, prefectural capital)
埼(さい)大(だい) (Saidai)
ダ埼(さい)玉(たま) (Dasaitama, derogative slang)

Descendants

Russian: Са́йтама f (Sájtama)

References

NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Old Japanese

Alternative forms

前玉

Etymology

Compound of 埼 (saki₁, “cape”) +‎ 玉 (tama, “gem, jewel”), for its fame attested in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).

Proper noun

埼玉 (Saki₁tama) (kana さきたま)

(historical) Saitama (a former district in northeastern Musashi Province, facing the Tone River, in the Kanto Region, Japan)

Descendants

Japanese: 埼玉 (Saitama)

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