勝負

See also: 胜负

Chinese

		victorious; able to do; competent enough to	lose; negative (maths, etc.); to bear lose; negative (maths, etc.); to bear; to carry (on one's back)
trad. (勝負)		勝	負
simp. (胜负)		胜	负

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shèngfù

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˋ ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sing³ fu⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳn-fu
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sèng-hù / sèng-hū
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵sen-vu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shèngfù
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shèngfù
  - Wade–Giles: shêng⁴-fu⁴
  - Yale: shèng-fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenqfuh
  - Palladius: шэнфу (šɛnfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    勝負／胜负
    聖父／圣父
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sing³ fu⁶
  - Yale: sing fuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sing³ fu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xing³ fu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ³³ fuː²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    勝負／胜负
    聖父／圣父
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳn-fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: siin fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sin⁴ fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨn⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-hù
  - Tâi-lô: sìng-hù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seanghux
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-hū
  - Tâi-lô: sìng-hū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seanghu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hu³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ hu³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sen-vu
  - MiniDict: sen^去 vu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sen-vu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən³³ vu⁴⁴/

Noun

勝負

victory or defeat

Synonyms

輸贏／输赢 (shūyíng)

Derived terms

一決勝負／一决胜负 (yījuéshèngfù)
不分勝負／不分胜负 (bùfēn shèngfù)
不勝負荷／不胜负荷 (bùshèngfùhè)
勝負未定／胜负未定
決一勝負／决一胜负 (juéyīshèngfù)
決勝負／决胜负

Japanese

Kanji in this term
勝	負
しょう Grade: 3	ぶ Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しょーぶ [shóꜜòbù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːbɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

勝(しょう)負(ぶ) • (shōbu)

a competition; a game; a match
- 1933, 戸坂潤, 社会時評:
  国(こく)際(さい)競(きょう)争(そう)に限(かぎ)らず、勝(しょう)負(ぶ)は機(き)会(かい)均(きん)等(とう)でなければならぬ。
  Kokusai kyōsō ni kagirazu, shōbu wa kikai kintō de nakereba naranu.
  There must be equal opportunity in all games, not only international competitions.
- 2007 March 15, Gosho Aoyama, “ゴールデン・アイの巻(まき)【前(ぜん)編(ぺん)】”, in まじっく[快](かい)[斗](と), volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 108:
  
  私(わたし)の名(な)は黒猫(シャノアール)…来(き)たる日(にち)曜(よう )21(にじゅういち)時(じ)…ホテルオーシャンでの君(きみ)との勝(しょう)負(ぶ)が楽(たの)しみだ…
  Watashi no na wa Sha Noāru… Kitaru nichiyō nijūichi-ji…Hoteru Ōshan de no kimi tono shōbu ga tanoshimi da…
  My name is Chat Noir… next Sunday at 9 pm… I’m looking forward to the match with you at Hotel Ocean…
victory or defeat, the outcome of a match
- 1907, 夏目漱石, 虞美人草:
  勝(しょう)負(ぶ)はすでについた。
  Shōbu wa sude ni tsuita.
  The outcome was already decided.

Synonyms

試合(しあい) (shiai), 取(と)り組(く)み (torikumi), 回戦(かいせん) (kaisen)

Verb

勝(しょう)負(ぶ)する • (shōbu suru) intransitive suru (stem 勝(しょう)負(ぶ)し (shōbu shi), past 勝(しょう)負(ぶ)した (shōbu shita))

compete; have a match

Conjugation

Conjugation of "勝負する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	勝負し	しょうぶし	shōbu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	勝負し	しょうぶし	shōbu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	勝負する	しょうぶする	shōbu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	勝負する	しょうぶする	shōbu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	勝負すれ	しょうぶすれ	shōbu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	勝負せよ¹ 勝負しろ²	しょうぶせよ¹ しょうぶしろ²	shōbu seyo¹ shōbu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	勝負される	しょうぶされる	shōbu sareru
Causative	勝負させる勝負さす	しょうぶさせるしょうぶさす	shōbu saseru shōbu sasu
Potential	勝負できる	しょうぶできる	shōbu dekiru
Volitional	勝負しよう	しょうぶしよう	shōbu shiyō
Negative	勝負しない	しょうぶしない	shōbu shinai
Negative continuative	勝負せず	しょうぶせず	shōbu sezu
Formal	勝負します	しょうぶします	shōbu shimasu
Perfective	勝負した	しょうぶした	shōbu shita
Conjunctive	勝負して	しょうぶして	shōbu shite
Hypothetical conditional	勝負すれば	しょうぶすれば	shōbu sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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