再
See also: 爯
 
  | ||||||||
![]()  | ||||||||
 
  | ||||||||
Translingual
    
| Stroke order (Mainland China) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke order (Sans-serif) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
![]()  | |||
Han character
    
再 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一土月 (MGB), four-corner 10447, composition ⿱一冉)
References
    
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 129, character 8
 - Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1524
 - Dae Jaweon: page 290, character 4
 - Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 18, character 1
 - Unihan data for U+518D
 - Unihan data for U+2F815
 
Chinese
    
| trad. | 再/𠕅/𠕂 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 再 | |
Glyph origin
    
| Historical forms of the character 再 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | 
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | 
![]()  | 
![]()  | 
![]()  | 
![]()  | 
Etymology
    
Cognate with 載 (OC *ʔslɯːʔ, “year”), 茲 (OC *ʔsɯ, “year”), 薦 (OC *ʔseːns, “repeatedly”), 洊 (OC *zlɯːns, “again; repeatedly”), 荐 (OC *zlɯːns, “repeatedly”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
    
Definitions
    
再
- again; once again; a second time; re-
- 再玩 ― zài wán ― play again
 - 一拖再拖 ― yī tuō zài tuō ― to put off again and again
 - 我再說一遍/我再说一遍 ― wǒ zài shuō yī biàn ― I will say once again.
 
- 燕子去了,有再來的時候;楊柳枯了,有再青的時候;桃花謝了,有再開的時候。 [MSC, trad.]
 - From: 1922, Zhu Ziqing, 匆匆 "Hurrily"
 - Yànzǐ qù le, yǒu zài lái de shíhòu; yángliǔ kū le, yǒu zài qīng de shíhòu; táohuā xiè le, yǒu zài kāi de shíhòu. [Pinyin]
 - Gone are the swallows, still there's a time they'll come again. Wilted are the willows, still there's a time they'll be green again. Withered are the peach blossoms, still there's a time they'll bloom again.
 
燕子去了,有再来的时候;杨柳枯了,有再青的时候;桃花谢了,有再开的时候。 [MSC, simp.]
 - Used to indicate a continuing situation in conditional or suppositional clauses
 - more; -er
 - Used with 也 (yě) and followed by a negative expression; no matter how...still (not)
 - then; only then
 - in addition; on top of that
 - (literary) twice
- 季文子三思而後行。子聞之,曰:「再,斯可矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
 - From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
 - Jìwén Zǐ sānsī ér hòuxíng. Zǐ wén zhī, yuē: “Zài, sī kě yǐ.” [Pinyin]
 - Ji Wen thought thrice, and then acted. When the Master was informed of it, he said, "Twice may do."
 
季文子三思而后行。子闻之,曰:「再,斯可矣。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
 - (literary) to appear again
 - a surname
 
Usage notes
    
In Old Chinese, 再 (OC *ʔsɯːs) strictly meant "twice" and not "again". The "second time" sense developed around the Tang dynasty.
再 (zài) is used for something that has not happened, while 又 (yòu) is used for something that already happened.
Synonyms
    
- (one again):
 
Dialectal synonyms of 才 (“only after; only then; not ... until”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words | 
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 才2, 再, 方, 始, 方才 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 才2 | 
| Singapore | 才2 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 先, 至, 先至 | 
| Hong Kong | 先, 至, 先至 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 正 | 
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 才3 | 
| Quanzhou | 才3 | |
| Zhangzhou | 才3 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 才3 | |
| Shantou | 正 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 正 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 再, 才2 | 
| Suzhou | 再 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 才至 | 
See also
    
- (again): 又 (yòu)
 
Dialectal synonyms of 再 (“again”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words | 
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 再 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 再 | 
| Taiwan | 再 | |
| Jinan | 再 | |
| Xi'an | 再 | |
| Wuhan | 再 | |
| Chengdu | 又, 再 | |
| Yangzhou | 再 | |
| Hefei | 再 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 再, 添 > | 
| Hong Kong | 再, 添 > | |
| Yangjiang | 應 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 再, 湊 > | 
| Hakka | Meixian | 再, 添 > | 
| Jin | Taiyuan | 再 | 
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 再, 唵 | 
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 再, 蓋, 介 | 
| Fuqing | 介 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 閣, 閣再 | 
| Quanzhou | 閣, 閣再 | |
| Zhangzhou | 閣, 閣再 | |
| Tainan | 閣, 閣再 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 閣, 閣再 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 閣, 閣再, 過再, 閣過再 | |
| Chaozhou | 再 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 又, 再 | 
| Suzhou | 再 | |
| Wenzhou | 再, 添 > | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 再 | 
| Shuangfeng | 再, 還 | |
| Note | > - used after the object | |
Compounds
    
- 一再 (yīzài)
 - 一再行
 - 一合再離/一合再离
 - 一呼再喏
 - 一歲再赦/一岁再赦
 - 一誤再誤/一误再误 (yīwùzàiwù)
 - 不再 (bùzài)
 - 停妻再娶
 - 再三 (zàisān)
 - 再下一城 (zàixiàyīchéng)
 - 再三再四
 - 再不 (zàibù)
 - 再不其然
 - 再不想
 - 再不然 (zàibùrán)
 - 再不道
 - 再世 (zàishì)
 - 再世交
 - 再也 (zàiyě)
 - 再二
 - 再作道理
 - 再作馮婦/再作冯妇 (zàizuòféngfù)
 - 再來/再来 (zàilái)
 - 再來人/再来人
 - 再倍
 - 再做道理
 - 再再
 - 再出口
 - 再分
 - 再刊 (zàikān)
 - 再刖
 - 再刺
 - 再則/再则 (zàizé)
 - 再加上
 - 再吐
 - 再命
 - 再四 (zàisì)
 - 再婚 (zàihūn)
 - 再嫁 (zàijià)
 - 再字
 - 再宥
 - 再宿
 - 再實/再实
 - 再審/再审 (zàishěn)
 - 再就
 - 再度 (zàidù)
 - 再康
 - 再從/再从
 - 再從伯/再从伯
 - 再從兄/再从兄
 - 再從姪/再从侄
 - 再從弟/再从弟
 - 再從父/再从父
 - 再思
 - 再拜 (zàibài)
 - 再拜稽首
 - 再接再厲/再接再厉 (zàijiēzàilì)
 - 再接再礪/再接再砺 (zàijiēzàilì)
 - 再教育 (zàijiàoyù)
 - 再易
 - 再晝/再昼
 - 再會/再会 (zàihuì)
 - 再期
 - 再次 (zàicì)
 - 再熟
 - 再版 (zàibǎn)
 - 再犯 (zàifàn)
 - 再獻/再献
 - 再現/再现 (zàixiàn)
 - 再生 (zàishēng)
 - 再生丹
 - 再生父母 (zàishēngfùmǔ)
 - 再生爺/再生爷
 - 再生產/再生产 (zàishēngchǎn)
 - 再生禮/再生礼
 - 再眠
 - 再確認/再确认
 - 再稔
 - 再籍
 - 再者 (zàizhě)
 - 再聘
 - 再興/再兴
 - 再舉/再举
 - 再薰
 - 再處/再处
 - 再虞
 - 再行 (zàixíng)
 - 再衰三涸
 - 再衰三竭
 - 再見/再见 (zàijiàn)
 - 再計/再计
 - 再說/再说 (zàishuō)
 - 再赦
 - 再起 (zàiqǐ)
 - 再辱
 - 再造 (zàizào)
 - 再進口/再进口
 - 再適/再适
 - 再酳
 - 再醮 (zàijiào)
 - 再閏/再闰
 - 再闡/再阐
 - 再顧/再顾
 - 再食
 - 再駕/再驾
 - 再麾
 - 壹再
 - 復再/复再
 - 恩同再造
 - 時不再來/时不再来
 - 東山再起/东山再起 (dōngshānzàiqǐ)
 - 枯木再生
 - 枯枝再春
 - 汔再汔四
 - 盛筵難再/盛筵难再
 - 稽首再拜
 - 至再至三
 - 讓三讓再/让三让再
 - 讓再讓三/让再让三
 - 閣再/阁再
 
Japanese
    
    
Readings
    
Compounds
    
- 一再
 - 再会
 - 再開
 - 再確認
 - 再起
 - 再帰
 - 再教育
 - 再建
 - 再建
 - 再現
 - 再考
 - 再興
 - 再構成
 - 再婚
 - 再三
 - 再生
 - 再選
 - 再戦
 - 再創造
 - 再度
 - 再度
 - 再任
 - 再認識
 - 再燃
 - 再発
 - 再版
 - 再犯
 - 再販
 - 再編
 - 再放送
 - 再輸入
 - 再来
 - 再利用
 - 再臨
 - 再来月
 - 再来週
 - 再来年
 - 再々, 再再
 - 再下付
 - 再上映
 - 再交付
 - 再保険
 - 再入国
 - 再入学
 - 再入幕
 - 再処理
 - 再出
 - 再出場
 - 再出発
 - 再分配
 - 再加工
 - 再勝
 - 再勤
 - 再十両
 - 再協議
 - 再受浸
 - 再告
 - 再吟味
 - 再国営化
 - 再国有化
 - 再変
 - 再委託
 - 再定義
 - 再審
 - 再封鎖
 - 再尋問
 - 再就職支援
 - 再工事
 - 再征
 - 再従兄
 - 再従弟
 - 再循環
 - 再思
 - 再抗弁
 - 再投票
 - 再投稿
 - 再投資
 - 再拝
 - 再挙
 - 再提案
 - 再敗
 - 再映
 - 再服役
 - 再案
 - 再校
 - 再検査
 - 再検討
 - 再構築
 - 再武装
 - 再注
 - 再洗礼
 - 再浮上
 - 再浸礼
 - 再演
 - 再生産
 - 再発行
 - 再発見
 - 再発足
 - 再禁止
 - 再突入
 - 再組織
 - 再縁
 - 再製
 - 再訂
 - 再設
 - 再訪
 - 再評価
 - 再試合
 - 再試行
 - 再試験
 - 再読
 - 再説
 - 再調
 - 再調整
 - 再議
 - 再軍備
 - 再転
 - 再輸出
 - 再送
 - 再遊
 - 再配分
 - 再配布
 - 再配置
 - 再鋳
 - 再録
 - 再開発
 - 再降臨
 
Korean
    
    Etymology
    
From Middle Chinese 再 (MC tsojH). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄌᆡ (coy) (Yale: coy) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
    
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕɛ(ː)] ~ [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
 - Phonetic hangul: [재(ː)/제(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
 
 
Compounds
    
Compounds
- 재개 (再開, jaegae)
 - 재건 (再建, jaegeon)
 - 재고 (再考, jaego)
 - 재연 (再演, jaeyeon)
 - 재편 (再編, jaepyeon)
 - 재차 (再次, jaecha)
 - 재발 (再發, jaebal)
 - 재현 (再現, jaehyeon)
 - 재탕 (再湯, jaetang)
 - 재의 (再議, jae'ui)
 - 재심 (再審, jaesim)
 - 재청 (再請, jaecheong)
 - 재혼 (再婚, jaehon)
 - 재선 (再選, jaeseon)
 - 재활 (再活, jaehwal)
 - 재수 (再修, jaesu)
 - 재생 (再生, jaesaeng)
 - 재판 (再版, jaepan)
 - 재론 (再論, jaeron)
 - 재회 (再會, jaehoe)
 - 재림 (再臨, jaerim)
 - 재범 (再犯, jaebeom)
 - 재임 (再任, jaeim)
 - 재간 (再刊, jaegan)
 - 재소 (再訴, jaeso)
 - 재귀 (再歸, jaegwi)
 - 재래 (再來, jaerae)
 - 재기 (再起, jaegi)
 - 재활용 (再活用, jaehwaryong)
 - 비일비재 (非一非再, biilbijae)
 
Vietnamese
    
    Han character
    
再: Hán Việt readings: tái[1][2][3][4][5][6]  
再: Nôm readings: tái[1][2][3], táy[3][7], tải  
References
    
- Nguyễn (2014).
 - Nguyễn et al. (2009).
 - Trần (2004).
 - Trần (1999).
 - Nguyễn (1974).
 - Thiều Chửu (1942).
 - Hồ (1976).
 
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

.gif)



