作文

Chinese

		to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do; to make	language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle
simp. and trad. (作文)		作	文

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zuòwén

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zok³ man^4-2
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chok-vùn

(Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵ vun²
Jin (Wiktionary): zuah^4-5 veng¹
Northern Min (KCR): cŏ̤-uǒ̤ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chok-bûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): zag⁴ bhung⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁷tsoq-ven

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zuòwén
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zuòwún
  - Wade–Giles: tso⁴-wên²
  - Yale: dzwò-wén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohwen
  - Palladius: цзовэнь (czovɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ wən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (作文兒／作文儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zuòwénr
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄣˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zuòwúnr
  - Wade–Giles: tso⁴-wên²-ʼrh
  - Yale: dzwò-wénr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohwel
  - Palladius: цзовэньр (czovɛnʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ wəɻ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zok³ man^4-2
  - Yale: jok mán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁸ man^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: zog³ men^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚³ mɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok-vùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zog` vunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zog⁵ vun²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sok̚² vun¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zog⁵ vun²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹ ʋun¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zuah^4-5 veng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suaʔ²⁻⁵⁴ və̃ŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cŏ̤-uǒ̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔ²⁴ uɔŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chok-bûn
  - Tâi-lô: tsok-bûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zokbuun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ bun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zag⁴ bhung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsak bûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sak̚²⁻⁴ buŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁷tsoq-ven
  - MiniDict: tsoh^入 ven
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tsoq-ven
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ³³ vən⁴⁴/

Noun

作文

essay; composition

Synonyms

文章 (wénzhāng)
筆札／笔札 (bǐzhá) (literary, figurative)
論文／论文 (lùnwén)

Verb

作⫽文 (verb-object)

(intransitive) to write an essay or composition

Synonyms

執筆／执笔 (zhíbǐ)
寫作／写作 (xiězuò)
寫字／写字 (xiězì)
屬文／属文 (zhǔwén) (literary, to compose prose)
援筆／援笔 (yuánbǐ) (literary)
提筆／提笔 (tíbǐ)
撰 (zhuàn) (literary, or in compounds)
撰寫 (zhuànxiě)
撰著 (zhuànzhù) (to write a book)
撰述 (zhuànshù) (formal)
書寫／书写 (shūxiě)
筆耕／笔耕 (bǐgēng) (literary)
綴文／缀文 (zhuìwén) (literary, to write a composition)
編寫／编写 (biānxiě)
著作 (zhùzuò)
著述 (zhùshù)
行文 (xíngwén)
行筆／行笔 (xíngbǐ) (literary, to write an essay or composition)
製作／制作 (zhìzuò)
譔文／撰文 (zhuànwén) (to write an article)

Derived terms

作文本 (zuòwénběn)
作文簿 (zuòwénbù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (作文):

→ Japanese: 作文(さくぶん) (sakubun)
→ Korean: 작문(作文) (jangmun)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
作	文
さく Grade: 2	ぶん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sa̠kɯ̟ᵝbɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Noun

作(さく)文(ぶん) • (sakubun)

writing, essay, composition
作文(さくぶん)を書(か)く
sakubun o kaku
to write an essay

作文(さくぶん)の題(だい)
sakubun no dai
the subject of a composition

Derived terms

英作文(えいさくぶん) (eisakubun)
自由作文(じゆうさくぶん) (jiyū sakubun)

Verb

作(さく)文(ぶん)する • (sakubun suru) suru (stem 作(さく)文(ぶん)し (sakubun shi), past 作(さく)文(ぶん)した (sakubun shita))

to write a composition

Conjugation

Conjugation of "作文する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	作文し	さくぶんし	sakubun shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	作文し	さくぶんし	sakubun shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	作文する	さくぶんする	sakubun suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	作文する	さくぶんする	sakubun suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	作文すれ	さくぶんすれ	sakubun sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	作文せよ¹ 作文しろ²	さくぶんせよ¹ さくぶんしろ²	sakubun seyo¹ sakubun shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	作文される	さくぶんされる	sakubun sareru
Causative	作文させる作文さす	さくぶんさせるさくぶんさす	sakubun saseru sakubun sasu
Potential	作文できる	さくぶんできる	sakubun dekiru
Volitional	作文しよう	さくぶんしよう	sakubun shiyō
Negative	作文しない	さくぶんしない	sakubun shinai
Negative continuative	作文せず	さくぶんせず	sakubun sezu
Formal	作文します	さくぶんします	sakubun shimasu
Perfective	作文した	さくぶんした	sakubun shita
Conjunctive	作文して	さくぶんして	sakubun shite
Hypothetical conditional	作文すれば	さくぶんすれば	sakubun sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

2000, Jonathan Bunt, Gillian Hall, The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary, First Edition, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

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