| man; person; people | statesman; vassal; courtier statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (人臣) |
人 | 臣 | |
| [Show/Hide] |
|---|
edit 人臣壬辰 |
edit 人神人臣 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 人 | 臣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 如鄰切 | 植鄰切 |
| Baxter | nyin | dzyin |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ȵiɪn/ | /d͡ʑiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ȵin/ | /d͡ʑin/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ȵʑjen/ | /d͡ʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ȵin/ | /d͡ʑin/ |
| Li Rong |
/ȵiĕn/ | /ʑiĕn/ |
| Wang Li |
/ȵʑĭĕn/ | /ʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ȵʑi̯ĕn/ | /ʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
rén | chén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
jan4 | san4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 人 | 臣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
rén | chén |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nyin › | ‹ dzyin › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ni[ŋ]/ | /*[ɡ]i[ŋ]/ |
| English | (other) person | slave, subject |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 人 | 臣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10800 | 1342 |
| Phonetic component |
人 | 臣 |
| Rime group |
眞 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
仁 | 辰 |
| Old Chinese |
/*njin/ | /*ɡiŋ/ |
| Notes | 甲文臧象以戈刺目爲奴， 省戈表不刺者則爲臣， 專指役使於家內者 | |