つづめる

Japanese
Alternative spelling
約める

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to ちぢめる?”)

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) つづめる [tsùzúmérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • (Tokyo) つづめ​る [tsùzúméꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝzɨᵝme̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

つづめる • (tsuzumeru) ←つづめる (tudumeru)?godan (stem つづめり (tsuzumeri), past つづめった (tsuzumetta))

  1. to condense
    • (Can we date this quote?), 神田喜一郎, “漢字の新造”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):
      圖(と)書(しよ)館(かん)の三(さん)字(じ)をつづめて一(いち)字(じ)にしたもの
      toshokan no sanji o tsuzumete ichiji ni shita mono
      a condensation of the three characters of 圖書館 (toshokan, “library”) into one character

Conjugation
Conjugation of "つづめる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") つづめら tsuzumera
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") つづめり tsuzumeri
Shūshikei ("terminal") つづめる tsuzumeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") つづめる tsuzumeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") つづめれ tsuzumere
Meireikei ("imperative") つづめれ tsuzumere
Key constructions
Passive つづめられる tsuzumerareru
Causative つづめらせる
つづめらす		 tsuzumeraseru
tsuzumerasu
Potential つづめれる tsuzumereru
Volitional つづめろう tsuzumerō
Negative つづめらない tsuzumeranai
Negative continuative つづめらず tsuzumerazu
Formal つづめります tsuzumerimasu
Perfective つづめった tsuzumetta
Conjunctive つづめって tsuzumette
Hypothetical conditional つづめれば tsuzumereba

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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