おはよう
Japanese
 | This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness. |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 御早う お早う おはよー |
Etymology
Originally a compound of 御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 早く (hayaku, “early”, adverb), from adjective 早い (hayai, “early”).[1][2][3]
Modern Japanese -i adjectives formerly ended in -ki for the attributive form. This medial /k/ dropped out during the Muromachi period, both for the attributive form (-ki becoming -i) and for the adverbial form (-ku becoming -u). However, the adverbial form reverted back to -ku thereafter for most words, with the -u ending persisting in certain everyday set expressions, such as arigatō, ohayō, or omedetō, and in hyper-formal speech.
/ohayaku/ → /ohayau/ → /ohayoː/
Usage notes
Most often written in hiragana. May occasionally be seen spelled in kanji, generally for more formal writing. Usually followed by ございます (gozaimasu, “it is”, formal) in less casual contexts.[1][2][3]
Derived terms
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Further reading
Japanese_language on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - Late_Middle_Japanese on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- ウ音便 ("u" sound shift) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja