ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ

Proto-Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.

Noun

ᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉ (erilaʀ) m

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. earl
    2. noble
    3. magician
    4. runemaster
    5. member of the Heruli tribe
    • 6th century, Järsberg Runestone:
      ᛖᚲᛖᚱᛁᛚᚨᛉᚱᚢᚾᛟᛉᚹᚨᚱᛁᛏᚢ
      ekerilaʀrunoʀwaritu
      ek erilaʀ rūnōʀ wᵃrītu
      I, the erilaz, write the runes

Usage notes
  • In the Proto-Norse corpus this word commonly appears in connection with Rune-carving.

Descendants
  • Old Norse: jarl, ᛁᛅᚱᛚ (iarl)
    • Icelandic: jarl
    • Faroese: jallur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: jarl
    • Old Swedish: iarl, iærl
      • Swedish: järl
    • Old Danish: ierl
    • → Danish: jarl (reborrowed)
      • Norwegian Bokmål: jarl
    • → English: jarl
    • → Finnish: jaarli
    • → Swedish: jarl (reborrowed)
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