ܗܝܟܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic הֵיכְלָא (hēḵəlā), from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (heikhál) and Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [hajk(ə)laː]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [hajɪkla]
  • (Urmian) IPA(key): [het͡ʃə.laː]

Noun

ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ • (hayklā) m sg (plural ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ (hayklē))

  1. temple
  2. shrine, holy place
  3. (architecture) nave, church
  4. (anatomy) physique, frame
  5. (obsolete) palace
    Synonyms: ܒܝܼܪܬܵܐ (bīrtā), ܩܲܨܪܵܐ (qaṣrā), ܒܹܝܬ ܡܲܠܟܵܐ (bēt malkā)

Inflection
Inflection of ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ (hayklā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ
(hayklī)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ
(haykullan)
construct ܗܲܝܟܲܠ
(haykal)		 2nd person ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܟ݂
(haykullōḵ)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ
(haykullāḵ)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(haykullāwḵōn)
emphatic ܗܲܝܟܠܵܐ
(hayklā)		 3rd person ܗܲܝܟܠܹܗ
(haykullēh)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܵܗ̇
(haykullāh)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܗܘܿܢ
(haykullhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܗܲܝܟܠܝܼ̈
(hayklī)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܲܢ̈
(hayklan)
construct ܗܲܝܟܠܲܝ̈
(hayklay)		 2nd person ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂
(hayklūḵ)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈
(hayklāḵ)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(hayklāwḵōn)
emphatic ܗܲܝܟܠܹ̈ܐ
(hayklē)		 3rd person ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ
(hayklūh)		 ܗܲܝܟܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇
(hayklōh)		 ܗܲܝܟܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ
(hayklhōn)

Derived terms
  • ܗܲܝܟܠܘܼܬܵܐ (hayklūtā, “dwelling in a temple”)
  • ܗܲܝܟܠܘܿܢܵܐ (hayklōnā, “small temple”)
  • ܗܲܝܟܠܵܝܵܐ (hayklāyā, “belonging to a temple”)
  • ܡܗܲܝܟܠܵܢܵܐ (mhayklānā, “one consecrated with a temple”)
  • ܡܸܬܗܲܝܟܠܵܢܵܐ (mithayklānā, “one having been consecrated with a temple”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Probably from Akkadian 𒂍𒃲 (ēkallum, “palace, temple”), from Sumerian 𒂍𒃲 (e₂-gal); compare Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal), Hebrew הֵיכָל (hêḵāl), Ugaritic 𐎅𐎋𐎍 (hkl /⁠hêkal⁠/).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [hajk(ə)lɑ] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [hajk(ə)le] (plural)

Noun

ܗܝܟܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܗܝܟܠܐ)

  1. palace
  2. temple
  3. church
  4. (architecture) nave
  5. shrine, holy place

Inflection
    inflection of ܗܝܟܠܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܗܝܟܠ ܗܝܟܠܝܢ
construct ܗܝܟܠ ܗܝܟܠܝ
emphatic ܗܝܟܠܐ ܗܝܟܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܗܝܟܠܝ ܗܝܟܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܗܝܟܠܟ ܗܝܟܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܗܝܟܠܟܝ ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܗܝܟܠܗ ܗܝܟܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܗܝܟܠܗ ܗܝܟܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܗܝܟܠܢ ܗܝܟܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܗܝܟܠܟܘܢ ܗܝܟܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܗܝܟܠܟܝܢ ܗܝܟܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܗܝܟܠܗܘܢ ܗܝܟܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܗܝܟܠܗܝܢ ܗܝܟܠܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms
  • ܗܝܟܠܘܢܐ
  • ܗܝܟܠܘܬܐ

Descendants
  • → Sogdian: 𐼳𐼷𐼸𐽄𐼰 (hyklʾ /⁠heykala⁠/, “nave”)

References
  • “hykl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-12
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 76b
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 103a-b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 340b-341a
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