тура
Bashkir
Etymology
From *toğra (“direct; correct”). (See the immediate cognates below.) No consensus exists on the further derivation.
Cognate with Kazakh тура (tura, “straight, direct; just”), Kyrgyz туура (tuura, “straight”), Uyghur توغرا (toghra, “straight”); Kumyk тувра (tuwra, “straight”), perhaps also Southern Altai туура (tuura, “width”), Tuvan доора (doora, “transverse; indirect”), Yakut туора (tuora, “transverse; aside”).
Note that a parallel archetype form *toğru should be reconstructed to accommodate many other cognates, including Old Uyghur [script needed] (toγru, “correct, direct”), Uzbek to'g'ri (“correct”), Bashkir тоғро (toğro, “loyal”), Turkish doğru (“correct”), etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [to.ˈɾɑ]
- Hyphenation: ту‧ра
Adjective
тура • (tura)
Synonyms
- (straight) тапҡыр (tapqır)
Kazakh
| Alternative scripts | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | تۋرا |
| Cyrillic | тура |
| Latin | tura |
Etymology 1
Cognate with Bashkir тура (tura, “straight, direct”), Kyrgyz туура (tuura, “straight”), Uyghur توغرا (toghra, “straight”); perhaps also Southern Altai туура (tuura, “width”), Tuvan доора (doora, “transverse; indirect”), Yakut туора (tuora, “transverse; aside”), etc.
Declension
| singular (жекеше) | plural (көпше) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (атау септік) | тура (tura) | туралар (turalar) |
| genitive (ілік септік) | тураның (turanyñ) | туралардың (turalardyñ) |
| dative (барыс септік) | тураға (turağa) | тураларға (turalarğa) |
| accusative (табыс септік) | тураны (turany) | тураларды (turalardy) |
| locative (жатыс септік) | турада (turada) | тураларда (turalarda) |
| ablative (шығыс септік) | турадан (turadan) | туралардан (turalardan) |
| instrumental (көмектес септік) | турамен (turamen) | туралармен (turalarmen) |
Macedonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtuɾa]
- Rhymes: -uɾa
Declension
Verb
тура • (tura) third-singular present, impf (perfective тури)
Conjugation
| l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | турал | — | adjectival participle | туран | ||
| feminine | турала | — | adverbial participle | турајќи | ||
| neuter | турало | — | verbal noun | турање | ||
| plural | турале | — | perfect participle | турано | ||
| present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
| 1st singular | турам | турав | — | — | ||
| 2nd singular | тураш | тураше | — | турај | ||
| 3rd singular | тура | тураше | — | — | ||
| 1st plural | тураме | туравме | — | — | ||
| 2nd plural | турате | туравте | — | турајте | ||
| 3rd plural | тураат | тураа | — | — | ||
| Compound tenses | ||||||
| perfect | сум турал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-perfect | имам турано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
| pluperfect | бев турал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-pluperfect | имав турано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| има-perfect reported | сум имал турано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future | ќе турам | ќе + present | ||||
| има-future | ќе имам турано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future in the past | ќе турав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
| има-future in the past | ќе имав турано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
| future reported | ќе сум турал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-future reported | ќе сум имал турано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
| conditional | би турал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
| има-conditional | би имал турано | conditional of има + perfect participle | ||||
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tʊˈra]
Declension
Descendants
- → Kazakh: тура (tura)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈturə]
Noun
ту́ра • (túra) m inan or m anim
- inflection of тур (tur):
- genitive singular
- animate accusative singular
Further reading
- тура in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru
Southern Altai
Etymology
From obsolete Russian тура́ f inan (turá, “tower, castle”), from French tour f (“tower”), from Old French tor f (“tower”), from Latin turrim f (accusative of turris f (“tower”)), from Ancient Greek τύρρις f (túrrhis, assimilated variant of τύρσις f (túrsis, “tower”)).
Compare Siberian Tatar тора (“city, town”), Tatar тора (tora), Shor тура (tura, “city, town”), Khakas тура (tura, “house; city, town”), etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tʊ.rɐ]
- Hyphenation: ту‧ра
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | тура (tura) | туралар (turalar) |
| definite genitive | тураныҥ (turanïŋ) | туралардыҥ (turalardïŋ) |
| dative | турага (turaga) | тураларга (turalarga) |
| definite accusative | тураны (turanï) | тураларды (turalardï) |
| locative | турада (turada) | тураларда (turalarda) |
| ablative | турадаҥ (turadaŋ) | туралардаҥ (turalardaŋ) |
Ukrainian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tʊˈra]
Declension
See also
| Chess pieces in Ukrainian · шахові фігури (šaxovi fihury) (layout · text) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| король (korolʹ) | ферзь (ferzʹ) | тура (tura) | слон (slon) | кінь (kinʹ) | пішак (pišak) |
References
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “тура”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka