ломя

See also: лома

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lomiti.

Verb

ломя́ • (lomjá) first-singular present indicative, impf

(transitive) to break, to crush, to smash
(reflexive with се) to fracture, to crumble
(reflexive with се, figurative) to lose spirit, to get broken psychologically

Conjugation

Conjugation of ломя́ (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	ломя́щ lomjášt	ломи́л lomíl	ломя́л lomjál	ломе́н lomén		ломе́йки loméjki
	definite subject form	ломя́щият lomjáštijat	ломи́лият lomílijat	—	ломе́ният loménijat
	definite object form	ломя́щия lomjáštija	ломи́лия lomílija	—	ломе́ния loménija
feminine	indefinite	ломя́ща lomjášta	ломи́ла lomíla	ломя́ла lomjála	ломе́на loména
feminine	definite	ломя́щата lomjáštata	ломи́лата lomílata	—	ломе́ната loménata
neuter	indefinite	ломя́що lomjášto	ломи́ло lomílo	ломя́ло lomjálo	ломе́но loméno	ломе́не loméne
neuter	definite	ломя́щото lomjáštoto	ломи́лото lomíloto	—	ломе́ното loménoto	ломе́нето loméneto
plural	indefinite	ломя́щи lomjášti	ломи́ли lomíli	ломе́ли loméli	ломе́ни loméni	ломе́ния, ломе́нета loménija, loméneta
plural	definite	ломя́щите lomjáštite	ломи́лите lomílite	—	ломе́ните loménite	ломе́нията, ломе́нетата loménijata, loménetata

person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		ломя́ lomjá	ломи́ш lomíš	ломи́ lomí	ломи́м lomím	ломи́те lomíte	ломя́т lomját
imperfect		ломя́х lomjáh	ломе́ше loméše	ломе́ше loméše	ломя́хме lomjáhme	ломя́хте lomjáhte	ломя́ха lomjáha
aorist		ломи́х lomíh	ломи́ lomí	ломи́ lomí	ломи́хме lomíhme	ломи́хте lomíhte	ломи́ха lomíha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
future	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future in the past	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ломя́л m, ломя́ла f, ломя́ло n, or ломе́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ломя́л m, ломя́ла f, ломя́ло n, or ломе́ли pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ломя́л m, ломя́ла f, ломя́ло n, or ломе́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
conditional		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ломи́л m, ломи́ла f, ломи́ло n, or ломи́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
imperative			ломи́ lomí			ломе́те lométe

Derived terms

verbs

взломя pf (vzlomja), взломявам impf (vzlomjavam)
заломя pf (zalomja), заломявам impf (zalomjavam)
изломя pf (izlomja), изломявам impf (izlomjavam)
наломя pf (nalomja), наломявам impf (nalomjavam)
отломя pf (otlomja), отломявам impf (otlomjavam)
поломя pf (polomja), поломявам impf (polomjavam)
преломя pf (prelomja), преломявам impf (prelomjavam)
проломя pf (prolomja), проломявам impf (prolomjavam)
разломя pf (razlomja), разломявам impf (razlomjavam)
сломя pf (slomja), сломявам impf (slomjavam)
уломя pf (ulomja), уломявам impf (ulomjavam)

nouns

ло́мище (lómište)
(resultant noun) ло́мка (lómka)
ло́мница (lómnica)
(resultant noun) ло́мък (lómǎk)
лом (lom)
(action noun) ломе́ж (loméž)

adjectives

ло́мен (lómen)
ломли́в (lomlív)

Related terms

леме́ж (leméž, “plowshare”)
ломо́т (lomót, “mumbling”) (dialectal, originally: “fracture”)
- ломо́тя (lomótja, “to babble, to gibber”)

References

“ломя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
“ломя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Nayden Gerov (1899) “ломѭ́, -и́шь; -ми́лъ (ломꙗ́вамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 20
Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “ломя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 467
“ломити”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɫɐˈmʲa]

Participle

ломя́ • (lomjá)

present adverbial imperfective participle of ломи́ть (lomítʹ)

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