кельме

Erzya

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *kelmə, inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä (“cold; coldness, frost”), possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma).

Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma, Eastern Mari кылме (kylme).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kelʲmʲe/

Noun

кельме • (keľme)

  1. cold
    Течи вете градуст кельме.
    Ťeči veťe gradust keľme .
    Today it is five degrees cold.

Declension
Indefinite declension of кельме (front-vowel stem (ки) type)
singular plural
nominative кельме (keľme) кельметь (keľmeť)
genitive кельмень (keľmeń) —
dative кельменень (keľmeńeń) —
ablative кельмеде (keľmeďe) —
inessive кельмесэ (keľmese) —
elative кельместэ (keľmeste) —
illative кельмес (keľmes) —
prolative кельмева (keľmeva) —
translative кельмекс (keľmeks) —
comparative кельмешка (keľmeška) —
abessive кельмевтеме (keľmevťeme) —

Adjective

кельме • (keľme)

  1. cold
    симемс кельме ведте ― śimems keľme vedťe ― to drink cold water

References
  • B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “кельме”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
  • Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  • Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial‎, Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.

Moksha

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Permic *külmä~*kilmä, possibly borrowed from Pre-Baltic *gu̯el(u)mā (compare Lithuanian geluma). Cognate with Finnish kylmä, Livonian kīlma.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kelʲmʲæ/, IPA(key): /kelʲmæ/

Noun

кельме • (keľmä)

  1. frost

Adjective

кельме • (keľme)

  1. cold

References
  • V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
  • Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial‎, Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
  • Entry #1311 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
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