дьржати

Old East Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržati. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic дрьжати (drĭžati) and Old Polish dzierżeć.

Pronunciation
  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /dɪˈrʑɑti/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /dʲɪˈrʑatʲi/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /ˈdʲrʑatʲi/
  • Hyphenation: дь‧ржа‧ти

Verb

дьржати (dĭržati) impf

  1. (transitive) to hold

Conjugation
Conjugation of дьржати (type IV verb)
Singular Dual Plural
Present 1st дьржѭ
dĭržjǫ		 дьрживѣ
dĭrživě		 дьржимъ
dĭržimŭ
2nd дьржиши
dĭržiši		 дьржита
dĭržita		 дьржите
dĭržite
3rd дьржить
dĭržitĭ		 дьржита
dĭržita		 дьржѧть
dĭržętĭ
Aorist 1st дьржахъ
dĭržaxŭ		 дьржаховѣ
dĭržaxově		 дьржахомъ
dĭržaxomŭ
2nd дьржа
dĭrža		 дьржаста
dĭržasta		 дьржасте
dĭržaste
3rd дьржа
dĭrža		 дьржаста
dĭržasta		 дьржаша
dĭržaša
Imperfect 1st дьржахъ
dĭržaxŭ		 дьржаховѣ
dĭržaxově		 дьржахомъ
dĭržaxomŭ
2nd дьржаше
dĭržaše		 дьржаста
dĭržasta		 дьржасте
dĭržaste
3rd дьржаше
dĭržaše		 дьржаста
dĭržasta		 дьржахѫ, дьржахѫть
dĭržaxǫ, dĭržaxǫtĭ
Imperative дьржи
dĭrži		 дьржита
dĭržita		 дьржите
dĭržite
Cohortative —
—		 дьрживѣ
dĭrživě		 дьржимъ
dĭržimŭ
Present Active Participle Present Passive Participle Past Active Participle Past Passive Participle
дьржѧ
dĭržę		 дьржимъ
dĭržimŭ		 дьржавъ
dĭržavŭ		 дьрженъ
dĭrženŭ
L-Participle Infinitive Supine
дьржалъ
dĭržalŭ		 дьржати
dĭržati		 дьржатъ
dĭržatŭ

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Old Ruthenian: держати (deržati)
  • Russian: держа́ть (deržátʹ)

References
  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “держати”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 775
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