ава
Eastern Mari
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑˈβɑ/
- Rhymes: -ɑ
- Hyphenation: а‧ва
Noun
ава • (ava)
- mother
- mother-in-law, husband's mother
- (agriculture) female
- ава кияр
- ava kijar
- seed cucumber (lit. female cucumber)
- (mythology) spirit, ghost
- (computing) parent
Declension
| Declension of ава | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | ава (ava) | ава-влак (ava-vlak) | ||
| accusative | авам (avam) | ава-влакым (ava-vlakym) | ||
| genitive | аван (avan) | ава-влакын (ava-vlakyn) | ||
| dative | авалан (avalan) | ава-влаклан (ava-vlaklan) | ||
| comitative | аваге (avage) | ава-влакге (ava-vlakge) | ||
| comparative | авала (avala) | ава-влакла (ava-vlakla) | ||
| inessive | аваште (avašte) | ава-влакыште (ava-vlakyšte) | ||
| illative (short) | аваш (avaš) | ава-влакыш (ava-vlakyš) | ||
| illative (long) | авашке (avaške) | ава-влакышке (ava-vlakyške) | ||
| lative | аваш (avaš) | ава-влакеш (ava-vlakeš) | ||
| Possessed forms of ава | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| 1st person | авам (avam) | авана (avana) | ||
| 2nd person | ават (avat) | авада (avada) | ||
| 3rd person | аваже (avaže) | авашт (avašt) | ||
References
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “ава”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Erzya

Etymology
From Proto-Mordvinic *ava. See Moksha ава (ava) for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑvɑ/
- Rhymes: -ɑ
- Hyphenation: а‧ва
Noun
ава • (ava)
- woman
- Synonym: (young) тейтерява (ťejťeŕava)
- велень ава ― veľeń ava ― a country woman
- mother
- Авам лезды тень кудонь тевтнесэ.
- Avam ľezdi ťeń kudoń ťevtńese.
- My mother helps me with housework.
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 4:
- I sovamsto kudos neize eikakšośt sońze avanzo Marijań marto.
- On coming to the house, they saw the child with his mother Mary.
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ава (ava) | ават (avat) |
| genitive | авань (avań) | — |
| dative | аванень (avańeń) | — |
| ablative | авадо (avado) | — |
| inessive | авасо (avaso) | — |
| elative | авасто (avasto) | — |
| illative | авас (avas) | — |
| prolative | авава (avava) | — |
| translative | авакс (avaks) | — |
| comparative | авашка (avaška) | — |
| abessive | ававтомо (avavtomo) | — |
Derived terms
Compounds
- nouns: азорава (azorava), аварозь (avaroź), инязорава (ińazorava), аваловсо (avalovso)
References
- B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “ава”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
Macedonian
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish هوا (hava), from Arabic هَوَاء (hawāʔ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈava]
- Rhymes: -ava
Noun
ава • (ava) f (uncountable)
Declension
References
- “ава” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
- Belčev, Tole (2016) “ава”, in Речник на турцизми, архаизми, дијалектизми и ретко употребувани зборови во македонскиот јазик [Dictionary of Turkisms, Archaisms, Dialectisms and Rarely Used Words in the Macedonian Language] (in Macedonian), Štip: UGD, →ISBN, page 14
Moksha
Etymology
According to Feoktistov, from a Turkic language.[1] Veršinin considers suggestions of borrowing completely baseless, he is convinced that the term is of child language origin (its original meaning being "mother"), according to him, the following are of a similar origin: Eastern Mari ава (ava), Western Mari ӓвӓ (ävä), cf. dialectal Eastern Mari аппа! (appa!, “[an exclamation for a baby to smile]”), Tundra Nenets [script needed] (āppa, “mother [child language]”). Parallel developments in unrelated languages: Northern Selkup ама (ama, “mother”), Basque ama (“id.”), Nivkh ымык (əmək, “id.”), Koryak [script needed] (-aw'-) in [script needed] (ŋaw'gyjnik, “female [animal]”).[2]
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ɑvɑ/
Noun
ава • (ava)
- lady
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- дама — ава
- dama — ava
- lady [in Russian] — lady
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- (zoology) female
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- самка — ава
- samka — ava
- female [in Russian] — female
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- woman
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- женщина — ава
- ženščina — ava
- woman [in Russian] — woman
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- wife
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
- vaimo — ава
- vaimo — ava
- wife [in Finnish] — wife
- Oahpa, University of Tromsø
- mom
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
- мама — ава/авай
- mama — ava /avaj
- mom [in Russian] — mom
- V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ава (ava) | ават (avat) |
| genitive | авань (avań) | — |
| dative | аванди (avanďi) | — |
| ablative | авада (avada) | — |
| inessive | аваса (avasa) | — |
| elative | аваста (avasta) | — |
| illative | авас (avas) | — |
| prolative | авава (avava) | — |
| comparative | авашка (avaška) | — |
| translative | авакс (avaks) | — |
| abessive | авафтома (avaftoma) | — |
| causative | аванкса (avanksa) | — |
| first person singular (монь (moń)) | ||
|---|---|---|
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | авазе (avaźe) | аване (avańe) |
| genitive | авазень (avaźeń) | аванень (avańeń) |
| dative | авазенди (avaźenďi) | аваненди (avańenďi) |
| ablative | авадон (avadon) | |
| inessive | авасон (avason) | |
| elative | авастон (avaston) | |
| illative | авазон (avazon) | |
| prolative | ававан (avavan) | |
| comparative | авашкан (avaškan) | |
| abessive | авафтомон (avaftomon) | |
| second person singular (тонь (toń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | аваце (avaće) | аватне (avatńe) |
| genitive | авацень (avaćeń) | аватнень (avatńeń) |
| dative | аваценди (avaćenďi) | аватненди (avatńenďi) |
| ablative | авадот (avadot) | |
| inessive | авасот (avasot) | |
| elative | авастот (avastot) | |
| illative | авазот (avazot) | |
| prolative | авават (avavat) | |
| comparative | авашкат (avaškat) | |
| abessive | авафтомот (avaftomot) | |
| third person singular (сонь (soń)) | ||
| one possession | multiple possessions | |
| nominative | авац (avac) | аванза (avanza) |
| genitive | аванц (avanc) | аванзон (avanzon) |
| dative | аванцты (avancti) | аванзонды (avanzondi) |
| ablative | авадонза (avadonza) | |
| inessive | авасонза (avasonza) | |
| elative | авастонза (avastonza) | |
| illative | авазонза (avazonza) | |
| prolative | ававанза (avavanza) | |
| comparative | авашканза (avaškanza) | |
| abessive | авафтомонза (avaftomonza) | |
| first person plural (минь (miń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | аваньке (avańke) | |
| genitive | аваньконь (avańkoń) | |
| dative | аваньконди (avańkonďi) | |
| ablative | авадонк (avadonk) | |
| inessive | авасонк (avasonk) | |
| elative | авастонк (avastonk) | |
| illative | авазонк (avazonk) | |
| prolative | ававанк (avavank) | |
| comparative | авашканк (avaškank) | |
| abessive | авафтомонк (avaftomonk) | |
| second person plural (тинь (ťiń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | аванте (avanťe) | |
| genitive | авантень (avanťeń) | |
| dative | авантенди (avanťenďi) | |
| ablative | авадонт (avadont) | |
| inessive | авасонт (avasont) | |
| elative | авастонт (avastont) | |
| illative | авазонт (avazont) | |
| prolative | ававант (avavant) | |
| comparative | авашкант (avaškant) | |
| abessive | авафтомонт (avaftomont) | |
| third person plural (синь (śiń)) | ||
| one or multiple possessions | ||
| nominative | авасна (avasna) | |
| genitive | аваснон (avasnon) | |
| dative | аваснонды (avasnondi) | |
| ablative | авадост (avadost) | |
| inessive | авасост (avasost) | |
| elative | авастост (avastost) | |
| illative | авазост (avazost) | |
| prolative | ававаст (avavast) | |
| comparative | авашкаст (avaškast) | |
| abessive | авафтомост (avaftomost) | |
Synonyms
- (mother): тядя (ťaďa)
References
- A. P. Feoktistov (1993), Jaziki mira: Uraľskije jaziki (MOKŠANSKIJ JAZIK) [Languages of the world: Uralic languages (Moksha language)], Moscow, pages 178—189
- Veršinin, V. I. (2004) Этимологический словарь мордовских (эрзянского и мокшанского) языков [Etymological dictionary of Mordvinic (Erzya and Moksha) languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Joškar Ola, page 5
Northern Altai
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *apa (“mother, elder sister, aunt”). Cognate to dialectal Turkish aba (“mother, elder sister”).
References
N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “ава”, in Severnyje dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo Jazyka- Dialekt kumandincev(Kumandin Kiži) [Northern Dialect of Altai -Kumandin Dialect(Kumandin kiži)], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈavə]
- IPA(key): [ɐˈva]
Noun
а́ва or ава́ • (áva or avá) f inan (genitive а́вы or авы́, nominative plural а́вы or авы́, genitive plural ав, diminutive а́вка)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | а́ва, ава́ áva, avá |
а́вы, авы́ ávy, avý |
| genitive | а́вы, авы́ ávy, avý |
а́в áv |
| dative | а́ве, аве́ áve, avé |
а́вам, ава́м ávam, avám |
| accusative | а́ву, аву́ ávu, avú |
а́вы, авы́ ávy, avý |
| instrumental | а́вой, а́вою, аво́й, аво́ю ávoj, ávoju, avój, avóju |
а́вами, ава́ми ávami, avámi |
| prepositional | а́ве, аве́ áve, avé |
а́вах, ава́х ávax, aváx |
Tuvan
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *apa (“mother, elder sister, aunt”). Cognate to dialectal Turkish aba (“mother, elder sister”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aˈβa/
Declension
| Declension of ава | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ава ava | |
| Accusative | аваны avanı | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | ава ava |
авалар avalar |
| Genitive | аваның avanıñ |
аваларның avalarnıñ |
| Accusative | аваны avanı |
аваларны avalarnı |
| Dative | авага avaga |
аваларга avalarga |
| Locative | авада avada |
аваларда avalarda |
| Ablative | авадан avadan |
авалардан avalardan |
| Prolative I | аваже avaje |
аваларже avalarje |
| Prolative II | авадыва avadıva |
авалардыва avalardıva |
| First person singular possessive forms of ава | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | авам avam | |
| Accusative | авамны avamnı | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | авам avam |
аваларым avalarım |
| Genitive | авамның avamnıñ |
аваларымның avalarımnıñ |
| Accusative | авамны avamnı |
аваларымны avalarımnı |
| Dative | авамга avamga |
аваларымга avalarımga |
| Locative | авамда avamda |
аваларымда avalarımda |
| Ablative | авамдан avamdan |
аваларымдан avalarımdan |
| Prolative I | авамже avamje |
аваларымже avalarımje |
| Prolative II | авамдыва avamdıva |
аваларымдыва avalarımdıva |