Ngiyambaa | |
---|---|
Native to | Australia |
Region | New South Wales |
Ethnicity | Ngiyambaa (Wangaibon, Weilwan) |
Native speakers | 0 (2005)[1] |
Pama–Nyungan
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | wyb |
Glottolog | wang1291 |
AIATSIS[1] | D22 |
ELP | Ngiyambaa |
![]() Ngiyambaa is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger |
The Ngiyambaa language, also spelt Ngiyampaa, Ngempa, Ngemba and other variants, is a Pama–Nyungan language of the Wiradhuric subgroup. It was the traditional language of the Wangaibon and Weilwan peoples of New South Wales, Australia, but is now moribund; according to Donaldson by the 1970s there were only about ten people fluent in Wangaibon, whilst there were only a couple of Weilwan speakers left.
Ngiyambaa (meaning language), or Ngiyambaambuwali, was also used by the Wangaibon and Weilwan to describe themselves, whilst 'Wangaibon' and 'Weilwan' (meanining 'With Wangai/Weil' (for 'no') were used to distinguish both the language and the speakers from others who did not have wangai or weil for no.
Other Names
Other names for Ngiyambaa are: Giamba, Narran, Noongaburrah, Ngampah, Ngemba, Ngeumba, Ngiamba, Ngjamba, Ngiyampaa and Ngumbarr; Wangaibon is also called Wangaaybuwan and Wongaibon, and Weilwan is also called Wailwan, Wayilwan or Wailwun.
Phonology
Consonants
Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labial | Velar | Dental | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
Plosive | b ⟨p⟩ | ɡ ⟨k⟩ | d̪ ⟨th⟩ | ɟ ⟨ty⟩ | d ⟨t⟩ | |
Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ | n̪ ⟨nh⟩ | ɲ ⟨ny⟩ | n ⟨n⟩ | |
Lateral | l ⟨l⟩ | |||||
Rhotic | r ⟨rr⟩ | |||||
Approximant | w ⟨w⟩ | j ⟨y⟩ | ɻ ⟨r⟩ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i ⟨i⟩ iː ⟨ii⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ uː ⟨uu⟩ | |
Open | a ⟨a⟩ aː ⟨aa⟩ |
Phonemes | Allophones |
---|---|
/i/, /iː/ | [i], [ɪ], [iː], [ɪː] |
/a/ | [ä], [ə], [ʌ], [e], [ɛ], [o], [ɔ] |
/u/, /uː/ | [u], [ʊ], [o], [uː], [ʊː], [oː] |
References
- 1 2 D22 Ngiyambaa at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- Donaldson, Tamsin (1980). Ngiyambaa: The language of the Wangaaybuwan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-22524-8. ISSN 0068-676X.