< Vietnamese 
      - There are 17 single consonants:
| Vowels | Phoneme | English equivalent sounds | 
| b | /ɓ/ | but | 
| c | /k/ | sky | 
| d | /z/ | zoo (Northern) | 
| d | /j/ | yes (Southern & Central) | 
| đ | /ɗ/ | do | 
| g | /ɣ/ | go | 
| h | /h/ | hat | 
| k | /k/ | sky | 
| l | /l/ | long | 
| m | /m/ | me | 
| n | /n/ | no | 
| p | /p/ | sport | 
| q | /k/ | square | 
| r | /z/ | zoo (Northern) | 
| r | /ɹ/ | run (Southern & Central) | 
| s | /s/ | stay (Northern) | 
| s | /∫/ | show (Southern & Central) | 
| t | /t/ | stop | 
| v | /v/ | video | 
| x | /s/ | see | 
- There are 11 consonant digraphs:
| Vowels | Phoneme | English equivalent sounds | 
| ch | /c/ | cha-cha | 
| gh | /ɣ/ | go | 
| gi | /z/ | zoo (Northern) | 
| gi | /j/ | yes (Southern & Central) | 
| kh | /x/ | loch | 
| nh | /ɲ/ | canyon | 
| ng | /ŋ/ | sing | 
| ph | /f/ | Philip | 
| th | /tʰ/ | as in top (aspirated "t"), not as in thin | 
| tr | /c/ | cha-cha (Northern) | 
| tr | /ʈʂ/ | straw (Southern and Central) | 
| qu | /kw/ | square | 
There is one consonant trigraph: ngh /ŋ/: nghỉ, nghiêm, nghiêng
- There are 8 final consonants:
| Vowels | Phoneme | English equivalent sounds | 
| c | /k/ | rack | 
| ch | /k/ | sick (cut in the South) | 
| m | /m/ | gym | 
| n | /n/ | ban | 
| nh | /ɲ/ | canyon | 
| ng | /ŋ/ | sing | 
| p | /p/ | tap | 
| t | /t/ | pat | 
    This article is issued from Wikibooks. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.